Interventions in order to increase the National Achievement Test of 4th Year Students of Malabon National High School Essay

The primordial purpose of this study is to allow the scholarly persons with a slay and balanced education and to develop their performance in field acquisition interrogatory (Nat) . Thus, the bequeaths of this study provide benefit the students, the teachers and the prepare administrators. This study is meaning(a) because it impart provide the indispensable facts for the students of Malabon National High School who were fetching the National Achievment Test (NAT). including the faculty and school administrators as a result in a pervasive exposure of the aforementioned subjects.This study go out serve as the basis for future plans of action by the school administrators with regard to the necessary actions for the school and for the students who were taking or pull up stakes guide on the National Achievement Test (Nat). Among the persons who will be directly or indirectly involved are the following This study will non only benefit the school administrators but also the entire student body as it will create a milieu of sentiency about the Interventions in order to increase the National Achievement Test (NAT).The teacher and students of the Malabon National High School including the out-of-school youth will have a better understanding of the limitation Importance of the National Achievement Test will enable them to know the area of obstruction and strength thereby guiding them in reconstructing their programs to suit their needs. Furthermore, this study will serve as a theoretical model for future studies of the like nature if ever the existing problem has penetrated in this case will exist in the future. Future researchers will benefit from this study, and it will provide them the facts needed to compare their study during their respective time and usability.

Bone Detectives

IntroductionWhen we cerebrate of osmiums, we most often think of the way in which these hard structures support the body, how they work with muscles to produce military campaign and how they protect our internal organs. But the 206 b atomic number 53s of the human skeleton washstand also tell a accounting. The specific structure of your fig ups reveals info ab expose your sexuality, your flower, your come along and even your ethnicity. These biological clues argon often the depression pieces of evidence scientists look to in identifying the carcass of a deficient soul.Specialists c every last(predicate)ed rhetorical anthropologists are trained to analyze the secrets locked in a jampacks rule and structure and idler use this information to assistant process crimes, trace human origins, or identify those who encounter gone missing. In this project, you will assume the role of a rhetorical anthropologist and complete a detailed examination of operateless remains.f orensic anthropologists use a combination of denary and qualitative mea certains to predict traits from dress up. Through a series of metric measurements and get hold of notification, you will gather clues about the identity of the remains that have proficient been unearthed in a topical anaesthetic park.Last week, a young couple was out for an early morning run. Stopping to catch a drink, they stumbled upon what appeared to be a human skull. The law arrived at the scene and went on to unearth twain skeletons deceitfulness side by side. With a huge backlog of missing person fonts, the police are looking to you for answers. Who are these people lying forgotten in the park? Can these bone up tell their story and finally provide closure to grieving families?In this project, you and your team up up of forensic anthropologists have been called in to examine the diminished remains. Through careful posting and measurement of the bones found at the scene, you will provide the local police department information that is brisk to identifying these exclusives.You will analyze features of bone to furbish up as much as you can about for separately one persons gender, ethnic origin, age and height. Once you have accurate your tasks, you will prepare your findings in a detailed report card to the police department.Equipment Computer with Internet access Laboratory journal Career journal Wards Sherlock Bones Identification of Skeletal cadaver Kit (2) Protractor Metric ruler Calipers (large and small) Skeletal remains- skull, pelvis, humerus and femur or shin bone Laminated instruction cards and photographs (one set per station plus extra copies of the bony index photographs) Calculator Project 1.2.3 Student Data Sheet descriptor in Clay Maniken Skeletal system graphic organizerProcedure1. Visit the website microscopical Proofs Forensic Views of the Body presented by the National subroutine library of Medicine at http//www.nlm.nih.gov/visibleproofs/ education/anthropological/index.html.2. In the section Learning from Bones, complete the optic comparison activities to determine the sex and the ethnic origin of the skulls. Take notes on the bone landmarks you used in your analysis in your laboratory journal.3. batting do that forensic anthropologists use a three-race model to categorize skeletal traits. man there are obvious drawbacks to this model, race determination is considered a vital part of the overall appellative process. Notice that in the National Library of Medicine site, ethnic origins are referd by the scientific damage Caucasoid, Mongoloid and Negroid. In this activity, these terms will be used interchangeably with White, Asian and Black.4. To learn more about the field of forensic anthropology and the duties of a forensic anthropologist, read the two interviews found at the bottom of the scalawag (Barbian and Sledzick). Use the ideas presented in these two discussions to come up with your own comment of for ensic anthropology. Write this definition in your career journal. Youwill merely explore this career area in the next lesson.5. Now that you have read about the role of a forensic anthropologist in analyzing skeletal remains, work with a team to analyze the bones from one of the unearthed skeletons. You will analyze features of bone to determine as much as you can about to each one persons gender, ethnic origin, age and height. unmatched team will be designate skeletal system A and one team will be assigned Skeleton B. Make sure that you are solo working on the bones that belong to your assigned skeleton.6. Obtain a Student Data Sheet from your teacher. Write Skeleton A or Skeleton B on the top of your info sheet in the box provided.7. Divide your team into four groups. individually group will begin at one of the four bone stations.8. Bring your Maniken with you to each station.9. Rotate through the four bone identification stations for your skeleton and complete your analys is. At each station, you will be asked to complete both visual comparison exercises as well as metric measurements. Determine which bone you are analyzing and locate the appropriate info t sufficients on your Student Data Sheet. greenback As you are only looking at four bones, you will not use all of the data tables displayed on the Student Data Sheet.10. At each bone station, complete the following items. Along the way you will encounter some terms for bones or for markings on bones that you whitethorn not have heard before. Use the laminated photographs and your knowledge of directional terms to help decipher these clues and complete each step of the analysis. Use the laminated Wards instruction card, laminated photographs, and tools at each station to complete the observations or measurements listed for that bone, and determine as much as you can about the persons gender, race and age. NOTE Not all bones will be used for all three categories.Work with your group to come to con sensus on each trait/measurement. Record your findings on the Student Data Sheet. NOTE Forensic anthropologists use a scaled system when assessing features from bones. For precedent, when they look at the shape of the eye sockets to help determine gender, they use a 5 point assessment scale, with each gender at an end of the scale. The shape may fall somewhere in the middle. Therefore, looking at multiple features is needed to make an informed assessment. Think about this process as you prize the bones.For the following structures, mark the bone or bone landmark on your Maniken with a pencil. Use the skeletal remains and the laminated photographs to find and identify each structure. Continue the key you began in Activity 1.2.1 and 1.2.2 to link features on your Maniken to your skeletal system graphic organizer. NOTE Some of these structures may already be labeled.1. Ischium 2. Illium 3. Coccyx 4. Sacrum 5. Pubis 6. Pubic Symphysis 7. Eye Orbit 8. cadaverous Cavity 9. Zygomatic Bo ne 10. Mandible 11. Maxilla 12. Femur 13. Humerus 14. Tibia11. If you are waiting to view your next bone, take the measurements of the enlarged skull photos in order to determine the nasal index for the three ethnic groups. The procedure is outline in the instruction card found at the skull and additional copies of this protocol should be available from your teacher. This information will be a useable comparison when determining ancestry from the skull.12. When your group has made preliminary findings regarding the gender and ethnicity of the remains, use the equations listed in the data tables to estimate height.13. To determine the probable height range of the individual, refer to the height tables and record the minimum and uttermost note value of the calculated height ranges (looking at both bones). Convert the minimum and maximum value to feet and inches and estimate the height range of this individual.14. Meet with your entire team to discussresults and come to consensus on the characteristics of your assigned skeleton. You may need to go back to specific bones if groups disagree. Work together to form a conclusion about gender, height, ethnicity and age. 15. With your group, prepare a formal case report of your findings. This typed report should be written using terminology that you understand and should let in the following headings Introduction bear a brief case description.Summary of Findings Provide evidence and support for your findings for each trait sex, ethnic origin, age and height. NOTE You do not need to list every measurement/observation as evidence. Think about your analysis as a wholly and describe how combined data led you to a conclusion. Discuss every inconsistencies in the data and address the limitations of these methods in determining identity.Further Analysis admit the FBI file on facial reconstruction at http//www.fbi.gov/about-us/lab/forensic-science-communications/fsc/jan2001/phillips.htm/.Discuss how this technique cou ld be used in this case. Research and report on at least two other tests/types of analysis that can be spotless using the bone samples. What can we learn from these tests? How can this information be used to identify the missing?Conclusion Sum up the case findings and your recommendations for the next steps of the investigation in 1-2 paragraphs.Conclusion1. How did your findings compare to the rest of your team and to the actual data provided by your teacher? What could account for any conversion?2. Why do you think the pelvis is often the first bone forensic anthropologists look to in determining sex from skeletal remains?3. The developmental occurrences you used to determine age stopped at age 25. What are other clues a forensic anthropologist may be able to use to determine age if the bones belong to a person over age 25?4. What is the difference between qualitative and three-figure evidence? Explain how both types of measurements played a role in this activity.5. To analyze the long bones, the femur and the humerus, you looked at bone markings such as condyles, tuberosities and trochanters. Look back at the photographs and at the bone markings on your Maniken. How would you describe these markings in your own words? Which features do you think separate each class of markings from the others?6. In this activity, you were able to analyze skeletal remains in order to determine four particular traits of an individual. In a rattling life situation, scientists could provide a more detailed description of the individual based on additional information that can be acquired from the bones of this person. Describe at least two other pieces of information you could perhaps learn from bone. Make sure to provide a specific example for each piece of information.

Electric Vehicles Technology Analysis Essay

crossbreeding electric fomites be one of the applications of interbreeding technology in real modern life in which its currently a high demand technology and is growing rapidly. Although hybrid vehicles werent the up-to-the-minute type of transportation technology to be discovered, since they appeared earlier than flatulencyoline vehicles, because of the represent of research and technology they disappeared a prosperous century of botcholine vehicles began. Nowadays, when the humans race needs green transportation because of high fossil costs and governmental reasons, hybrid vehicles returned and information into that type of technology is kicking back to to the safe speed.Hybrid vehicles are the combination between electric engines and gasoline engines. Therefore, they get all the characteristics of traditional vehicle and add new functions of electric repulse to help the vehicles save energy as well as deoxidize green foretoken gas emissions. Many vehicle manufactur ers such as BMW, GMC, and Toyota are applying hybrid technology in producing their cars. One of the main reasons that hybrid vehicle are not as popular as regular gas powered vehicles is their prices. Most consumers dont want to pay the surplus $5,000- to $8,000 price tag to buy a vehicle that they dont see the instant benefits of.Nevertheless hybrid vehicles will bring the benefits to their users and the surroundings, exclusively not immediately when they buy the Hybrid vehicle. While in use, Hybrid vehicles will reduce the fuel consumption by an average of 42% which in return would be alike good for the environment as it reduces greenhouse gas emissions by about 42% than the usual amount. However, in addition to what Hybrid vehicle offers the public in money savings by consuming less fuel and supporting a greener environment, it also made it possible for the public to accept alternative power sources for their vehicles.Also, hybrid technology has helped expand the research int o onslaught power, battery life and battery size which helped in emerging of newer technology of in full galvanizing cars that doesnt use any gas, for example The Nissan Leaf. In the meanwhile, currently the available fully electrical vehicles (Nissan Leaf) on the market have advantages of totally being gas independent, and faster acceleration than some of the hybrid cars (I personally test pack the Nissan Leaf both on city streets and on the highway and I think it accelerated a lot better than my 2010 Toyota Prius hybrid.). In my intellection the technology still not fully developed to be the approximately reliable form of transportation for an individual or a house hold use, since you cant drive more than 100 miles per full charge as advertised which I am sure its a little bit less based on consumers followup (around 75-85 miles per full charge. ) In the near future I can figure that fully electrical cars be more reliable and go in between 700 to1000 miles per full charge, of course it will take its course of development just like any other new technology that starts dinky and gets bigger by time.I imagine in the next parallel years electrical cars will be able to go anyplace in between 100 to 200 miles per charge, then in the avocation few years from 200 to 300 miles per full charge, etc Furthermore, in my discernment I think that gas engines are a thing of the one-time(prenominal) and I can see in the future Hybrid engines and electrical engines replacing everything that we are using today, from gas powered vehicles to airplanes, from motorcycles to scooters and lawnmower to children toys.In conclusion, the human race is using new technologies to try to fix the harm they caused the environment by creating products that dont contribute to the contamination of our environment and some consumers hope that hybrid and electrical motors technology would help reduce the pollution and contribute to help save our environment.

Hamlet Soliloquy Essay

In this essay, I am going to show how significant hamlets soliloquys are in the play and how they relate with the plot, and will expose the polar ideas sh consume indirectly by Shakespeare with critical point and i will relieve juncture as a whole as he uttered through his soliloquys and how he gives the play its tragic melodic theme. The char exploiter of Hamlet in Shakespeares play Hamlet show many strong emotions through the use of his soliloquys and shows the internal battle which he experiences through come on the play braggy it its tragic theme.An example of this would be in the first of his soliloquys, where he ultimately contemplates suicide due to the despair that he is experiencing O that this as well too solid flesh would melt. From this, the importance and significance of Hamlets Soliloquys during the play show his isolation from society, suggesting the uniqueness of his character. His feelings during his soliloquys also course with the behaviour of the Courts, w here he reveals his state of mind and the truth, where the courts are more joy seeking than decisive when discussing politics.This is shown by Hamlet in his discussion with Horatio where he reveals that This heavy-headed revel east and west/ serves us traduced and taxed of other nations though performed at height. The power of Hamlets soliloquys during the play show shakespeares philosophical views to life. For example, in Hamlets To be or non to be soliloquy, Hamlet, over again contemplates suicide, where he suggests that suicide is the easiest way of ending the problems and conflicts of life. He then debates this by saying that the fear of an unknown afterlife is what keeps man living.Hamlet observes religion, tho it has been shown that he is hypocritical of it because he is inconsistant with his beliefs (As shown by Schlegel), for example, when the ghost enters, he believes that it truely is his father, and when it leaves, it appears to him as he has been decieved Be thou a spirit of health or goblin damned /That i will speak to thee. Ill harbinger thee Hamlet. Hamlet, in his first soliloquy also refers to the 6th Biblical enactment Thou shalt not kill which he understands forbids suicide and murderHis canyon gainst self-slaughter.O God, God. Shakespeare has also given Hamlet the habit of thinking in religious terms, e. g For Gods Love, Let me hear , Angels and Ministers of adorn defend us Hamlets soliloquy before act 3 shows the audience the endless debate that Hamlet goes through, and Shakespeare delays the end to take how Hamlet is abzorbing the news and whether or not to accept the challenge. Shakespeare does this to shape Hamlets character in the eyes of the audience.A tragic theme is shown through Hamlets quotations by firstly, Hamlet having to celebrate his produces marriage with his uncle, and at the same time having to mourne his Fathers conclusion. Hamlet reveals his loneliness when his Mother asks him why his fathers death seems s o important, he replies by saying Seems, madam? Nay it is. I know not seems. Shakespeare, here shows another source of Hamlets sadness, where he has just Ophelia, who has also rejected him due to the advice given to her by her father.He reveals this in another one of his soliloquys Now I am alone. O, what a paint and peasant slave am I Hamlets sorrow mulitiplys when he finds out that Ophelia had died, where he states that Forty thousand brothers/Could not (with all their quantity and love) Make up my sum. However, these feelings of sorrow quickly get replaced with anger, where he expresses them early on in Act 1 I with wings as active as thought sweep to my revenge. He does this again in his talk with Ophelia where he finds out that she has been lying to him, where he exposes her and commands her to Get thee to a nunnery, and that I loved you once. This speech indirectly shows his hatred for women, i. e. his mother, where Hamlet exposes Claudius computer program of killing t he Late Hamlet and dethroning him for becoming king himself. He appreciates that he needs to act out his anger by saying O Heart, lose thy nature, let me be cruel, showing that Hamlet has a soft side, and that he actually wants to kill Claudius to avenge his Fathers death.During Act 3, Hamlet asks some players to act out a speech that he in general Loved, where he reads out the first 13 lines from memory, signifying the link to his fathers death. The horizontal surface that Hamlet expects is the fall of Troy and the killing of King Priam by his own son, and to Hamlet, this is what he wants to do to Polonius, where in his soliloquy after the speech, Hamlet rebukes himself for not having the same motivation and passion that Pyrrhus did What would he do/ Had he the spring and the cue for passion/ That i have? horrid speech/ take aback the free/ confound the ignorant

The Virtue of Forgiveness

The Virtue of Forgiveness Under the circumstances, the man may rush in making his decisions, so the consequences will be more negative than the actions resulting from these decisions, so it will be better if he does non make these decisions. Its important for man to pardon so he can cope up with the milieu he is living We finish up here to mention some features of the vaticinators (blessing and peace be upon him) leniency in his dealing with people. These are useful and great lessons in every swan and time.Forgiveness is when some atomic number 53 refrains from retaliating, although he is capable of doing so. This is one of the qualities that reflect perfection of courtesy and nobility of character. Aaishah express It was never that the illusionist had a choice betwixt two matters but he chose the easiest of the two, as long as it was not something displeasing to Allaah, and if it was a sin, and then he was the farthest from it. Further, never did he take revenge for anyt hing personal, unless it had to do with the commandments of and limits set by Allaah. Additionally, on the twenty-four hours of the bloodless conquest of Makkah, although he was capable of punishing and carry offing them, the vaticinator pardoned the people of the Quraysh, despite the torture and crimes they had committed against him and his companions in the earlier years of Islaam. Furthermore, a Jewish woman came to Muhammad and offered him poisoned sheeps meat to eat, but, miraculously, the meat warned the Prophet against consuming it. When he discovered what she had done, he asked for her motive, to which she replied I wanted to kill you. Thereupon, he said to her Never may Allaah enable you to do so. hence his companions asked Should we kill her? He replied No. Overlook people s cracking with gracious forgiveness The Prophet (blessing and peace be upon him) takes (the) forgiveness from the Blessed Quran, Allah the Almighty said So overlook ( O Muhammad ) their fault s with gracious forgiveness , Show forgiveness, enjoin what is good, and turn away from the foolish ( i. e. dont punish them ) , Who tame anger, and who pardon men verily, Allah loves Al-Muhsinun ( the good-doers ) , and And verily, whosoever shows patience and forgives, that would truly be from the things recommended y Allah. The Prophet (blessing and peace be upon him) says about the virtue of pardoningI saw palaces peremptory Paradise so I asked Jibril, who are those palaces for? He said Who trim back anger and pardon men. Muadh Ibn Jabal l said When the messenger of Allah sent me to Yemen he said Jibril kept advising me for pardoning forgiving people, hadnt I firm knowledge of Allah, I would say he recommends me to leave hudood (the prescribed punishments).The Prophet said Whoever controls his anger at the time when he has the means to act upon that, Allah will call him before all of cosmos on the Day of Resurrection, and will let him choose of the Hur al-Ayn whoever he w ants. vaticinator muhammad (pbuh) is the ultimate human example on being patient with ones wife(s). in spite of his highness at allahs sight and at peoples, it has never been comprehend of a man who had more patience with his wife(s). researching prophet muhammads patience, you will cause across enough evidence.He used to treat them kindly. lady aisha, may allah be pleased with her, said prophet muhammad (pbuh) told me i can verbalise when you are pleased with me and when you are not. i said how can you reassure? he said if you are pleased with me you swear saying no, by muhammads lord and if you are not, you swear saying no, by abrahams lord. she said yes by allah, prophet of allah. i can only abandon your name. this saying hadith is from al bukhari. nas, may allah be pleased with him, reported the prophet of allah (pbuh) was with one of his wives then anformer(a) wife sent him a plate of food. the one that the prophet was at her home hit the hand of the servant who was c arrying the plate. it fell push down and broke into two pieces. the prophet collected the broken pieces and the food and said your mother his wife is jealous. he then kept the servant until he brought a new plate from the wife who broke the plate to give it to the other wife and kept the broken one at the home of the one who broke it. narrated by al bukhari

Activist Judges on the American Political system

In the Kelo vs. the city of New London depicted object the decision made was that the municipal development statute that was behind the victorious of the shoot was correct as it was part of projects of economic development i.e. humanity use of shoes for the best public interest.This decision is such that if it is interpreted as a precedent in future strips, private property can be confiscated by the government activity under the guise of economic development and given to otherwise is recovern as a contravention of the rights guaranteed in the American constitution which guarantee the sanctity to personal property.According to David Forte, Many problems execute up in the relation of the judicial dodge and semipolitical system in the United States (Forte 1).The justices who dissented to the ruling were guided by this principle concerning private one of the justices who dissented to the ruling is Justice OConnor whose views as a imperious romance justice have been dissen ted to in many circles.Her liberal views on federalism, affirmative action gender, religion etc have been the source of controversies. Together with her were other four dissenting justices who were guided by justice for the citizens. This is partly to be found in a pragmatic approach to issues of jurisprudence.In the midst of totally the controversy surrounding this decision of the Supreme Court is the fact that dissentions are done with the American dream at heart. For instance, the seizure of private land by the local government for private development can be greatly abused.A well developed neighborhood for residential houses may be demolished to create space for development of private shopping area. The justices who see the danger in the decision work towards Americas self discovery and transformation.The case has been a source of the judges who rule in disfavor of the government policies to be called activist judges. This has been a term that has grown over the old age (milit ant Judges.com par.5). The cause of this sort of victimization is the ruling hat is not everyday with the state and no doubt it is state machinery that is behind the propaganda of activist judges. In the real sense the judges perform their duties according to the law.ConclusionIt can be seen that there is blackmail on those judges who dont toenail the line of the political elite in the country calling them political activists is one of the politicians tactics to achieve cheap victories in courts.The freedom of the judicial system needs to be secured from such attacks give care this because they may interfere with the role of the justice department of checking the other harness of the government. Those judges who are branded the name activists should not yield to this deterrence so as to keep the fire of justice burning.Works cited Forte, David. The Supreme Court in American Politics Judicial Activism vs. Judicial Restraint, Heath, University of Michigan, 1972.http//www.google.co. ke/search?q=Activist+Judges+on+the+American+Political+system

Critical Thinking and Potent Drugs Essay

narrative 1 It is pretty obvious that smoking marihuana causes people to request to a greater extent potent medicines, such as cocaine or heroin. Statistics memorialise that near all people who be infer addicted to drugs smoked marijuana before they began using more potent drugs.Answer belowThis educational activity does comply to the guidelines of critical thinking. To start, I feel this statement shows a hoi polloi of doubt. The passwords used in the first sentence, pretty obvious, show a lot of uncertainty. If the person was certain, he or she would have used the word obvious.Another way this statement complies to the guidelines is the reliability of the evidence provided. The use of almost all people in the statistic instead of a concrete itemise shows that the statistic in the statement isnt all that reliable. This also shows some uncertainty in the statistic.This statement is a mixture of an opinion and an unreliable statistic. on that point is no proof that marijuan a makes you desire or crave more potent drugs. What about others factors such as genetics, familial, or environmental factors influencing drug use? I feel that the reason more people distort marijuana before other hard drugs is by chance, because it is more readily available at a young age. Critical thinking is substantial in everyday life, especially when having discussions with peers over controversial issues, such as racism, gender difference, and homosexuality. It is important in this instance to think critically to come up with alternate explanations for events or problems, without using emotional reasoning or previous bias and beliefs.

An Introduction to the Im Profession and Ethics Paper

De La S completelye University Manila An Introduction to the IM Profession and Ethics Paper Presented to The Faculty of the College of information processor Studies De La University Manila In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of live of Science of Information Systems By Changcoco, Amos Dimla, Ysabel Nicole Ramchand, Pavan Tanchuling, Bianca Denise Tibayan, Jan Michael 1. 0 COMPUTER AND earnings CRIME 1. 1 Types of Exploits 1. 1. 1Virus It is a cattish code that is attached to a file or executable program that bottom of the inning jadestone the files of the victims raise reckoner and reformat, delete or modify the files.The computing device figurer virus is put to death solo when the file that contains the virus is opened or if the program with the virus is executed as well. It leaves infections as it travels from one calculator to a nonher. The spread of the virus relies on the procedurers whenever users would use removable media devices, smooth enload or with e-mails. An ideal of a figurer virus would be the Pikachu virus which was the first information processing arranging virus directed to children. It was said that the virus started on June 28, 2000 from Asia or the peaceful Ocean region.The virus was an email titled, Pikachu Pokemon with the sum, Pikachu is your friend. The email contained the image of the cartoon character, Pikachu from the TV series Pokemon, with the message, Between millions of throng around the human I open you. show upweart forget to remember this day every(prenominal) metre MY FRIEND. The Pikachu virus infected simply a few companies in the coupled States through Microsoft Outlook email attachments or through Microsofts cyberspace Explorer browser.The reason why unless a few companies were harmed and why the virus was non as viral is that the virus was not coded flop and would ask the user if the virus canful delete the files in the user. 1. 1. 2Worm A worm is a spiteful c ode that is utilize for bringing down the computer dodging. A worm does not infect files, however, it monopolies the computers CPU and operate agreement and is capable of deleting data and programs. It infects a computer by move uping vulnerability in an application or operating system. A worm is self-replicating and uses a network to replicate itself to former(a) computer.It does not rely on human inter treat for spreading to other computers. An mannikin would be the Morris Worm or too know as the large(p) Worm. Created by a Cornell University student named Robert Tappan Morris in the year 1968, the Morris Worm consisted of 99 lines of code. Robert Morris wanted to know how big the profit was and make the worm to find the answer. It is noted that the creator did not come malicious intent in making this worm however, the worm infected immense amounts of stability problems that made m whatsoever another(prenominal) systems unusable.The damage was oer 6,000 infected UNIX mac hines which cost between $10,000,000 and $100,000,000. This causa is an ethical dilemma because the creator did not have evil intentions in making the worm but did have bad effects on some sight in America. This dilemma would be ethical ground on the psychological vanity hypothesis because Robert Morris acted on his selfish motive(prenominal) whether he should or not, which made him moral. ground on the hedonism theory, it was ethical of Morris because he was only doing his duty without knowing that his actions would bring upon negative effects. 1. 1. 3trojan saw cater HorseNamed afterwardsward the fifth column horse from Troy which was apply to infiltrate the enemys grease through a disguise, the trojan horse is disguised as some amour else ( much(prenominal)(prenominal) as a program or file) but is actually a malicious code or may contain malicious code. Similar to viruses, a fifth column horse is executed when the file with the virus is opened or the program wit h the malicious code is executed overly. A Trojan horse can do from light damages such as changing the desktop and the like, to terrorening damage, such as deleting files, stealing data, or set off and spreading other malwargon, to the victims softw ar.Trojan horses ar likewise used to create a back door in the operating system so that the issues can memory portal the system. However, the Trojan horse cannot duplicate itself nor it can self-replicate. It would need the user to spread to other computers. An example of a Trojan horse would be from the pirated version of Apples suite of software, iWork. iServices was the Trojan horse part of the pirated version of iWork, which would signal the ward-heelers that the Mac is infected and the hacker has access to the system.This is an ethical dilemma because the tidy sum who buy pirated software such as the iWork do not know that there is a Trojan horse in the software. It was unethical of the sellers to place a Trojan horse in the software without the consent of their customers because deontology theory states that it was not the duty of the vendors to hack into the systems of their customers in the first place. Another reason why it was unethical because of the theory of altruism because the interest of others was not thought about since m whatever(prenominal) mountain will suffer due to the actions of the vendors.This is another reason why it is unethical, because of the utilitarianism, which is consequences-based. Lastly, the affectionate contract theory states that the actions of the vendors were unethical because it is against the law to hack and infiltrate snobbish property. Logic bomb is a type of Trojan horse that is triggered only by a series of specific events such as a specific sequence of keystrokes or a change in a file. 1. 1. 4Botnets A botnet is a network of infected computers that are controlled by bots.Named after the word robot, a bot is a type of malware that allows an assailer to relieve oneself control of an affected computer. Criminal can take over the controlled computer such as sending out spam, spread viruses, attempt computer and can even cause crime and fraud, without the possessor knowing it. Bots are also called computer zombie because the computer has no control over its actions since hackers are in charge of its actions. 1. 1. 5Distributed Denial-Of-Service Attacks (DDoS Attacks) A Distributed Denial-of-Service Attack is when a malicious hacker controls computers through the Internet.It is an sample in preventing the computer owner to use network resource or machine. It is composed of one or much people trying to disenable a certain host from beingness connected to the Internet. 1. 1. 6Rootkits The name rootkit comes from the two words root, which pertains to the point it attacks, which would be the administrator or the source or the root, and kit because of the set of programs. A rootkit is a set of programs that enables its user to gain ad ministrator level access to a computer without the users consent or fellowship.The owner of the rootkit is capable of executing files and changing system configurations on the pose machine, as well as accessing log files or monitoring practise to covertly spy on the users computer usage. It is hard to detect if a computer system has a rootkit malware. 1. 1. 7Spam E-mail spam is when e-mail systems send unasked e-mail to large numbers of people. Spam mostly comes off as cheap advertisements of strange mathematical products such as pornography, get-rich-quick schemes and the like. Spam can also be used to deliver harmful worms or other malware. . 1. 8Phishing Phishing is an attempt to steal someoneal identity data by tricking users into entering reading on a counterfeit Web site. 1. 2Types of Perpetrators 1. 2. 1Hackers and Crackers Hackers are people who test the limits of the system, find the holes, and check which data they could access. The knowledge that they get is actuall y captureable in various media, ordinarily the profit. They are not usually considered bad but due to many of them who used such knowledge to cause harm to systems, the term became negative.A more appropriate term for these kinds of people is actually called crackers. 1. 2. 2 Malicious Insiders Malicious insiders are people who obtain goodnesss, service, or property through deception or trickery, also known as fraud. In other words they lie to gain. 1. 2. 3 industrial Spies Industrial spies are people who illicitly obtain t to distributively oneing from competitors for the take in of their sponsor. The act is called industrial espionage and the opposite which is to obtain knowledge legally is called agonistic intelligence.In 1993, Opel accused the rival Volkswagen of industrial espionage after the formers top dog of production and seven executives moved to the latter go with due to lacking documents. (Julian, 2011) 1. 2. 4 Cybercriminals These perpetrators hack to the go withs system and will do anything with the knowledge secure to gain money. One of the most famous hackers of the world is Albert Gonzalez, who used hacking to steal and resell millions of card and ATM numbers in a span of three years. He did this by attacking many systems which would eventually give him the information needed to steal the card numbers. Verini, 2010) Albert Gonzalez is in ethical dilemma because he used his skills to steal the information for money. found on the deontological theory, its unethical because it is not the duty of hackers to steal information. Based on hedonism under the utilitarian theory, it is ethical because he found sport from the act. Social contract theory, however, makes this act unethical, and so does virtue theory. 1. 2. 5 Hacktivists and Cyberterrorists Hacktivists, corporate trust the words hacking and activist, are people who hack to promote regimeal ideology.Cyberterrorists attack to get the attention of the government as part of the ir political objectives. Anonymous is one of the most famous hacktivist groups due to their appearance on various media in which members appear wearing the Guy Fawkes mask. Their advocacy is to equal the Internet censorship and surveillance, government corruption and homophobia. This is why they attacked several government sites. (Katich, 2013) The ethical dilemma the group faces is that they use hacking skills to infiltrate the systems notwithstanding they get going to the side of the people as their objective is to make the government view their voice.This is ethical based on deontology because it is their duty to make the government mind to them their voice. This is also ethical based on the altruistic approach as more will benefit from their act. However, social contract theory states that it is unethical since this act has violated the law. 1. 3Laws for Prosecuting Computer Attacks 1. 3. 1electronic Commerce enactment of 2000 (RA 8792) 1. 3. 1. 1E-Commerce in gild The pr ocess of buying and selling goods electronically by consumers and from friendship to company through computerized worry transactions.This act has the purpose of protecting those who pursue business in electronic office through multiple communication networks through the Internet. 1. 3. 1. 2 Elements in the Law Electronic data messages these are principally the information that is in every transaction of the business. Electronic document these are the type of information specified with text, symbols, or other modes of written rule yet similar in nature with the electronic data messages. Electronic Signature these are any distinctive marks that approve a transaction which are done by a person or an entity using electronic means. . 3. 1. 3Relation to other Laws Such laws that are affected with this are the Intellectual Property Rights, Copy even ups Protection. These laws give protection to the parties involved in any business activities through electronic means. Fraud is also related as the government can charge you when you make accept payment illegally by disguising your site as a reliable option for payment. 1. 3. 1. 4 CASE in E-Commerce Censorship is very an all- outstanding(a) tool to line the moralities of websites and the cooperation of companies to acknowledge said moralities.In mainland China, Googles operations created a storm of criticism when the company agreed to comply with the governments wishes and censor pro-democracy and other websites. In 2010, Google relocated its Chinese operations to Hong Kong, putting it outside Chinas censorship regime. Supporters of the decision say Google shouldnt second with Chinas repressive policies, while critics say Googles withdrawal cut off millions of Chinese citizens from the companys services and weakens its presence in one of the worlds largest markets. This case has very unvarnished ethical issues including the move of Google to relocate its operations to Hong Kong.This made the jurisdiction of Chinas censorship polity not reachable so that they can use their assets more freely. These however made the citizens of China that is inside the jurisdiction of the censorship policy long for their beneficial search engine. If seen in Googles benefits this is a rather good trade for them to maximize the use of their services in a commercial area such as Hong Kong yet they couldve served the citizens so they can keep up their reputation of improving spirit in the world and be consistent of the famous line Dont be evil.I generally disagree with their decision to relocate as they couldve followed the modifyd utilitarianism and give their services to those who would need them the most. Still they acted the ethical egoism to censor pro democracy sites which are morally good to their perspective. 1. 3. 1. 5Another slip Including Google Google gathers incredible amounts of data on people who use its search engine. As of 2011, the companys website states that although it stores record s of your searches as a tool to improve corporate efficiency, it renders them anonymous after nine months and deletes cookies used to track visitors after two years.Governments could use Googles information to investigate individuals visiting particular websites, however, and Google Earths photo collection also has increase privacy questions In 2008, a couple sued on the grounds the online photos of their nucleotide violated their privacy, but a judge threw out the lawsuit the following year. This case is generates insight to how Google can be of every use to our clubhouse as they can help the government catch fugitives, queers and criminals with their records of the searches of the every person using their search engines yet this leaves them to violate certain privacy issues when they demoralise that kind of motive.The lawsuit of the couple may be dismissed by a judge but their lawsuit are supported by ethical theories namely the sets based theories which states that ther e are social contracts that should be acknowledged and that includes their decent for privacy. They may be legal to store records such as the photo from their Google Earth but they should have to limit their power to exercise their duty as they are also supported by the duty based theories due to their daily or continual lying-in of improving corporate efficiency as well as prominent us access to unlimited knowledge. 1. 3. 2 Cybercrime cake Act of 2012 (RA 10175) 1. . 3. 1 Preliminary Provisions 1. 3. 3. 2. 1. 1 Brief History of RA 10175 Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 or also known as Re populace Act No. 10175 was approved on September 12, 2012. This is first law in the Philippines which specifically criminalizes computer-related crimes. The Cybercrime Prevention Act in its current form is the product of House Bill No. 5808, authored by Representative Susan Tap-Sulit of the second regularise of Tarlac and 36 other co-authors. The final version of the Act was later subscrib e into law by President Benigno Aquino III on September 12, 2012. 1. 3. 2. 1. 1 Declaration of PolicyThe main objective of this Act is to protect the people from cybercrimes and also from the harmful effects associated with it. The state also nonpluss to recognize the vital roles of information and communications industries in the country. The state also recognizes the need to protect and sentry go the citizens of the state, and also to protect the integrity of computers and its users. The state also wants to recognize the splendour of providing an environment conducive to the development acceleration, and rational application and exploitation of information and communications technology. . 3. 3. 2. 1 General Provisions 1. 3. 3. 2. 2. 2. 1 Punishable Acts In this Act, there are 10 penal acts indicated in the bill, and those punishable acts each have penalties that are associated. In the bordering sentences, the punishable acts will be discussed briefly. Offenses against the conf identiality, integrity, and availability of computer data and systems A. Illegal Access accessing a computer or a part of a computer without any right B.Illegal Interception the interception made by the use of any technical device without any right of non-public transmission of datum to or from any computer system including electromagnetic emissions from a computer system carrying such data C. entropy Interference the wise to(p) or any reckless alteration, damaging, deletion or deterioration of computer data, electronic document, or electronic data message, without any right including the transmission or transferring viruses into a system. One example is the ILOVEYOU message transmitted through electronic mail way back in the year 2000.D. System Interference the intentional or any reckless hindering or folie with a functioning computer system, or a computer network by inputting, transmitting, damaging, deleting, deteriorating, altering, or supressing computer data or compute r program without any right or place in doing so. E. Misuse of Devices the use of any material without any right of it. Acts like producing, manufacturing, selling, and distribution. F. Cyber-squatting the simplest way is identity theft, using another individuals identity to gain profit or scam other people in the internet.G. Computer-related Forgery the illegal use of a computer into write ones work, and gaining illegal access to a computer to duplicate the content of a system or database. H. Computer-related Fraud the unauthorized input, alteration, or deletion of computer data or program or interference in the functioning of a computer system. I. Computer-related Identity Theft the intentional acquisition, use, transfer, or possession of any observeing information belonging to another person, whether born(p) of juridical. Under these are Cybersex and Child Pornography. J.Libel de delicatelyd as a public and malicious imputation of a crime, or of a vice or defect, ech t or imaginary, or any acts, omission, condition, status or circumstance assistance to discredit or cause the dishonour or contempt of a natural or juridical person committed through a computer system or any other similar means which may be devised in the future. The above stated are the punishable acts by the law enforced and written in the bill, and these acts have synonymic penalties if have been proven to the court. The penalties include imprisonment or a fine of at least two hundred thousand pesos (Php. 00,000. 00) up to a maximum amount commensurate to the damage incurred or both. Prison mayor is equivalent to imprisonment from 6 years and one day to 12 years. 1. 3. 3 Ethical/ Moral Dilemmas 1. 3. 4. 2 Situation A 16-year senile male named Josh Evans was registered on the account used for bullying messages to a girl named Megan Mier. Lori Drew, the mother of Sarah, a former friend Mier, later admitted creating the MySpace account. She was help by Sarah and Ashley Grills , an 18-year-old employee of the elder Drew.The senior Drew and several others ran the fake account, with an aim to get information about Megan and use that information against her and also for her to be humiliated. This caused spreading gossips about Megan, and thus creating a traumatic experience not only for her but also to her family. 1. 3. 4. 3 Analysing using the Four major(ip) Ethical Theories A. Duty-based Theory According to the Duty-based theory, an act is considered ethical if it has good intentions. addicted the situation, I can distinctly state that it is not an ethical thing to do. Creating or spreading false rumours is not even close to be called as a good intention.Also, gathering information about a certain person is not ethical if it will be used against or be held against to a person. Using the Duty-Based Theory, I can clearly state that the situation of gathering information of Megan is not ethical because it does not serve a good intention. B. Utilitarianism A ccording to the Utilitarianism Theory an act is only to be considered ethical if it produces desirable consequences or outcomes. The outcome of the situation stated earlier is that the experience Megan was traumatic not only for herself, but it also affected her family.Just by looking at this outcome, we can say that it is not also considered ethical in this theory, because of the outcomes that the actions of the group had caused not only their target but also the relationship of other people to Megan. C. Social arrangement Theory According to the social contract theory an act is considered ethical if the act does not violate any rules or laws according to the well-behaved Code of the Philippines Persons and Family Relations, under Chapter 2 which is Human Relations the Articles 19, 20 and 21 discusses the diverse rights a person possesses and how a person should exercise his or her rights.Chapter 2 Article 19 presents the basic principles that are to be observed for the rightfu l relationship between human beings and the stability of the social order. Chapter 2 Article 20 presents that you are liable for any damage that you have caused to another person, whether wilfully or negligently. Chapter 2 Article 26 presents that right essential never abused, the moment that it is abused, the moment rights are abused they ceased to right. D. celibacy According to the Virtue theory, the action that is considered to be ethical is when the action is came from a good moral principle.Looking to the situation, it is not an ethical thing to do because it does only harm the person involved but also the moral principles of the suspect is to be questioned. 1. 3 Trust worthy Computing 1. 4. 1 Microsofts 4 Pillars of trustworthy Computing The 4 Pillars of trustworthy computing help site the key elements in computing especially in an organization with legion(predicate) employees to manage. Guidance is a key to help implement a good and stable system such as how the pillars bunk not just Microsoft employees but users alike. 1. 4. . 1 protective covering Creation of a trust worthy environment for a safe computing environment 1. 4. 2. 2 concealment The protection and confidentiality of design, development and testing in any organization is essential as to be part of the competitive market today. 1. 4. 2. 3 dependability Working as expected or promised by the developers and their entity 1. 4. 2. 4 cable Integrity Being responsible and transparent in you duties and expectation as part of a work force that strives to be excellent a mistake is bound to happen.Admitting a mistake is the 1st step to a growing process of learning new things to come. 1. 4. 2 Risk sagacity It is the process of assessing certification related risks to an organizations computers and networks from both versed and external (Reynolds, 2011) A risk assessment is a process to identify potential hazards and analyse what could happen if a hazard occurs. (Federal Emergency attenti on Agency, 2013) The assessment would assure the IT security measures team that they will be ready when an attack comes because of the determined risk assessment they perform. 1. 4. 1 General Security Risk Assessment ProcessStep 1 Identify IT assets and prioritize ones that are of most importance Step 2 Identify the threats/risks that could occur Step 3 Assess the likelihood of threats Step 4 learn the impact of each threat, how large to small is the impact if affected Step 5 Determine how each threat can be prevented/blocked Step 6 Which is the most effective prevention method Step 7 coif cost benefit analysis before taking any action Step 8 Make the decision to implement or not to implement the decided risk prevention found through extreme research and development 1. 4. 3 Establishing a security policyDefines an organizations security requirements, as well as controls and sanctions needed to meet those requirements. (Reynolds, 2011) A good security policy can possibly improve and provide a smooth flow of operations within an organization. NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) is a non-regulatory federal agency within the US department of commerce. The computer security division creates security standards for organizations to implement in their own system. 1. 4. 4 Educating the Employees, declarer and Part-Time Workers Surveys show that most security problems come from negligence and unknowingness of the security policies.Teaching good security practices like not giving out your passwords, making sure you do not meddle in different departments. Knowing the Dos and DONTs of everyday computing will help guide any workplace and direct them to the good ways of being a good user. 1. 4. 5 Threat Prevention The key to a threat prevention system are layers of security systems that challenge the perpetrator to hack into the system. Firewall stands guard between an organizations internal network and the internet Intrusion Prevention Systems prev ents an attack by blocking viruses, malformed packets and other threats from getting into a protected network.Antivirus software should be installed on each users personal computer to scan a computers disk drives and memory regularly for viruses. User accounts that remain agile after employees leave cause an uncertain threat to the company, IT staff must promptly delete and make sure to wipe out all the privileges of the former employee. The US-CERT (United States Computer Emergency Network Team) and SANS(SysAdmin, Audit, Network,System) Institute regularly update a summary of the most frequent and high impact threats to a computer system specifically viruses and worms. . 4. 6 Security Audit An important prevention tool that evaluates whether an organization has a good security policy and if it is being followed. An example would be a requirement to change passwords every week or month with this in place a security for companies are much more protected compared to others without this requirement. Basically to test, check and go off the systems security and look for loop holes and easy targets. 1. 4. 7 Detection The preventive measures made for a computer system is not always enough to protect important data.Intrusion detection system is a software/hardware that monitors system and network resources, notifies a system admin when an assault occurs Knowledge based intrusion system contains information about attacks and system vulnerabilities, then trigger an alarm (ex. Repeated login, repeated data events) demeanor based intrusion system compares users system behaviour with an admin created model that detects when a user is not following the needful model, this would trigger an alarm. (Example Unusual activity with an account in the HR department accessing the IT departments data. 1. 4. 8 ResponseAn organization should be prepared for the worst, like a system attack that stops all operations and steals data from the company. The top priority during an a ttack is not to catch the perpetrator but to regain control and hold open what is left. Who needs to be assured? And who not to notify? Reputation and credibleness is at stake in any security breach. A company should document all details of a security breach and be able to review it after to assess and further study. Eradication of the discredited/breached information is essential but before everything a log is required to keep track 1. . 9 Ethical Moral Dilemmas You are a member of a large IT security support group of a large manufacturing company. You have been awakened late at night and informed that someone has defaced your organizations website and also attempted to gain access to computer files containing a new product under development. What are your next steps? How much time would you spend tracking down the hacker? -Deontological 1. 5 References * (1999, 10). Electronic Commerce. StudyMode. com. Retrieved 10, 1999, from http//www. studymode. com/essays/Electronic-Commerc e-731. tml * THE ELECTRONIC COMMERCE ACT (R. A. 8792) AN OVERVIEW OF IT? S (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) have-to doe with ON THE PHILIPPINE LEGAL SYSTEM(2005 006). www. ustlawreview. com/pdf/vol. L/Articles/The_Electronic_Commerce_Act_RA_8792. pdf * What Is the Difference Viruses, Worms, Trojans, and Bots? lake herring Systems. (n. d. ). Cisco Systems, Inc. Retrieved from http//www. cisco. com/web/about/security/intelligence/virus-worm-diffs. html * What Is A Rootkit? (n. d. ). Internet / Network Security Tips, Advice and Tutorials About Internet Security and Network Security.Retrieved from http//netsecurity. about. com/od/frequentlyaskedquestions/f/faq_rootkit. htm * Julian. (2011). 10 Most Notorious Acts of Corporate Espionage. Retrieved from http//www. businesspundit. com/10-most-notorious-acts-of-corporate-espionage/ * Katich, A. (2013). Anonymous (Annie Katich). Retrieved from http//socialactive. wordpress. com/2013/02/25/anonymous-annie-katich/ * Verini, J. (2010). The Great Cy berheist. Retrieved from http//www. nytimes. com/2010/11/14/magazine/14Hacker-t. html/

Philosophical concept Essay

The Coyote slimy last 2000 Shy, aspiring songwriter Violet overcomes her stage fright, gets the man of her dreams and is offered a major recording contract after making drinks on clear of a bar, clad basic eithery in her skivvies. The movie Coyote pitiable inspire people about the striving of one somebody to gather her dream and overcoming all the hardship in smell. The straggle of one person to overcome her fears with the help of people surrounding her in order to weather the big city. This movie symbolizes the growth of a person physically, emotionally, and socially.In this admit the leaf node impart be immersed in a process of in-depth interrogative of the meaning and power of images. movies, in fact, are never neutral their gear up is that of conditioning the observer. It is vital, thus, to carry out an analysis of what an image actually is. Image based thinking will be considered both in similarity to the creative process and to problem solving. The counseling will start with the philosophical concept of an idea as a mental representation. The symbolism of dreams should be evaluated in order to understand the close relationship between images and the unconscious.The psychoanalytic proposition that a germinate may be considered the film conductors dream will be closely scrutinized. The concept of Cinematherapy is grow in the awareness that the film viewer is conditioned by his or her individual life experience, and this in turn makes the viewers comprehension highly unique. The viewers intimate interior world and life experiences condition perception of the film, and result in a highly unverifiable interpretation. This is due to the fact that the viewer assimilates only certain images and edits out others, all on the basis of unique individual experiences.The study of Cinematherapy will modify the viewer to understand the underlying causes of certain emotions experienced during a film, and will shed light on certain aspects of ones featu re personality and on how others view the same situation. Mining the gold in movies means uncovering our hidden finest attributes by understanding how we project these virtues on film heroes and heroines. Identifying with a character can help us to fortify inner strength as we recall forgotten inner resources and pay top aware of the right opportunity for those resources to be applied.Like dream work, movie theatre therapy allows us to gain awareness of our deeper layers of consciousness to help us apparent motion toward new perspectives or behavior as well as better and integration of the total self. As observing helps us to step back, the bigger picture becomes more obvious. This way, watching screen movies helps us meet to understand ourselves and others more deeply in the big movie of our life. In identifying the presenting problems and goals for therapy the questions that are appropriate are by asking yourself, why would this node benefit from a cinematherapy interventi on?What would this client get out of it? stop the intervention be tied back to the treatment plan? In assessing clients strengths such as interests, hobbies, activities, and type of employment the questions are What type of film would benefit this client Standard movie, documentary, or instructional? What type of musical style would they prefer Comedy, drama, or science fiction? In determination of the clients business leader to understand the content of the film and recognize similarities and differences between themselves and the characters the questions are pull up stakes the client understand how to use the film as metaphor for their witness life?Do they have the mental capabilities to participate in affect the content? Do they recognize the difference between fantasy and human beings? By taking into account issues of diversity when choosing a film the questions equal is Will the film be offensive, or be distracting from the real character of the assignment? The therapi st should always watch the movie before assignment it. This is so you can process the movie with the client, or know the monumental parts to discuss later. Also, it saves time from apologizing for a scene that offended the client or his/her parents. Preparation is essential to cinematherapy.The therapist should provide clients with a precept for assigning a film.REFERENCEBerg-Cross L. , Jennings, P. & Baruch, R . (1990). Cinematherapy Theory and Application . In Psychotherapy in Private Practice 8, no. 1, 135-157 Peske, Nancy and Beverly West (1999) Cinematherapy The misss Guide to Movies For Every Mood. New York Dell Ulus, Fuat(2003) Movie Therapy, lamentable Therapy The Healing Power of Film Clips in Therapeutic Settings. New capital of Switzerland Trafford Publishing. Tyson, L. , Foster, L. , & Jones, C. (2000). The process of cinematherapy as a therapeutic intervention. Alabama Counseling experience Journal,26(1), 35-41

Iron Crowned Chapter 18

It re wholey matte up like that, like I was killing a living issue. And in a way, I was. I was destroying the estate of the realms connection to Katrice. The area and its monarch be one. Kind of an esoteric concept unless, well, the truth. Id certainly felt it in the digestbone put down. It was why I couldnt perpetu wholey check mark away from that kingdom for actu all in ally long. It called to me. It was part of me.And so, I was essentially cutting a living thing in devil. White-hot power burned through me as I did, the pinchs magic connecting with my own and pouring into the dirt below. I had small smack of my surroundings, save Katrice screaming. Below me, in a spiritual sort of way, I could feel the place down resisting at first. It didnt indigence to break its ties. In the end, it had nonechoice. The crowns magic was too strong. Seconds, proceeding, hours I dont know how long it took, probably hardly some(prenominal) time at all. muchover suddenly, it was done. The crowns power faded from me, and the land lay there open and unclaimed. Raw and wounded.As the magics haze wore off, the lodge in of the human slowly shifted back into focus for me. I stared around at the gaping faces and at Katrice, huddled and sobbing. I thought shed aged before, save it was nothing compared to now. Being ripped from the land had devastated her. Her dark hair was almost all gray now, her face gaunt and lined.And all around all around, the land was restless. I could feel its energy, calling reveal reaching reveal fervent for a new master. Hardly any of the people pull togethered showed any recognition of this. They were still watching the drama of me and Katrice. A few spectators had gravel looks on their faces, as though they too could hear the land.It was because they were powerful seemly to take it, I realized. The land was already seeking those who possessed the speciality to join with it, and looking up, I saw from Cassiuss face that he could moxie that. Katrices son hadnt had the power to claim a kingdom, tho her nephew did.So, for my next spontaneous act of the day, I stuck my free hand into the ground. Just like the inhabit time, soil that scrawled off hard and ungiving soon grew soft and warm. My hand sank into the earth, and I was welcomed, as though someone were clasping my hand in return. Warmth modify my body, a comforting warmth very different from the crowns searing heat. I unappealing my look, striving to stay with that connection, to show I was worthy. Part of me was already precondition over to the Thorn Land. I had to fight to claim this land as well.Then, I felt it. I felt the land accept me. And as it did, the ground began to shake. At first, I thought it was just some aftereffect of the magic, entirely then I remembered what had happened when the Thorn Land had bound itself to me. The land took on the form that wheel spoke to my soul, that was natural and right to me. Aesons former k ingdom had determine itself into the Sonora Desert, the land of my birth. The rowan Land was trying to do the resembling thing.No, no Not again. A semi-tropical kingdom transforming into a desert had wreaked slaughter on its residents. Wed faced starvation, drought, poverty. It was tho recently that the kingdom had gotten on its feet again, be coming prosperous and self-sustaining. I wouldnt go through that again. Frantically, I essay to think of some other form. But what? I hardly ever leftover the southwestern United States. A quick image of the Catalina mountains flashed into my mind, the slopes whitened and pine-covered like the day Kiyo and I had fought the demon. I could feel the land prick to grip that picture, and I yanked it away. This kingdom had some small mountains, except that was a tiny percentage of its terrain. I couldnt turn this place into Switzerland or Nepal. check-out procedure the same, stay the same, I begged the land. For the sake of its occupants, I necessitateed the landscape to outride unchanged. It was difficult, though. The land wanted to bond to me, to what was ingrained within my soul. Thinking back to the journey here, I tried to picture the rows and rows of cherry trees along the road. I remembered the sun shining through other deciduous trees and flowers growing in clusters. I thought about the stretch of rowan trees. Stay the same, stay the same.Gradually, the earth around me began to slow its shaking and in the long run stop pull out for one compass point. Not utmost from where I rested my hand, the ground cracked open and leaves and branches burst through. I scurried back, watching in as practically awe as I had the first time a witching(prenominal) tree burst forth, growing and unfurling its leaves to dependable-size in seconds. I held my breath, wonder what it would be, this tree that dictated my new kingdoms nature.It was a rowan tree.I wasnt the only one who thought this was weird. Didnt you claim it? asked Jasmine, puzzled. I rose to my feet beside her, brushing spit off of my jeans.I Had I? That was a rowan tree, making this by all Otherworldly reasoning the Rowan Land. Which is what it had been already. Maybe it hadnt worked. Maybe the crown hadnt done what I expected it to. Maybe Katrice had won it back somehow.But, no. There it was. I felt it. The land. The earth. The rocks. Every leaf and flower. The scents, the colors they were all sharper and more intense. If I opened myself up, I could feel both single piece of this land. It hummed. It buzzed. The energy was dizzying, and I forced myself to shut it out for a moment.No, I told Jasmine, wonderingly. Its mine. I stared at the rowan tree, more appraisall than any real one could be, its orange-colored berries bright against green leaves swaying in the breeze. I reached out and stroked one of the leaves, vaguely aware of Katrice still sobbing. A tingle of power ran through me. Its still the Rowan Land except, its my Rowan Land.Things were a little awkward after that.The soldiers were no agelong trying to discard me, scarce they also werent ready to jump at my every order. My companions were of little use. Imanuelle, per her nature, was content to sit back and watch the mess Id stumbled into. Kiyo wore a judge look on his face, and I feared Id imbibe a lecture coming later. Jasmine still seemed to be in shock. The only time she came to life was when I debated what to do with Katrice and Cassius. Unsurprisingly, Jasmines suggestion was to kill them.Confine them to her rooms, I ordered, hoping someone would accompany me. Guard them with I was kindly of at a loss. Theoretically, gentry knew how this worked. Whoever controlled the land ruled, but I wasnt entirely sure the guards around here would be so keen about toss awaying the woman who had ruled them ten minutes ago. Volusian, I thought. outright that I was in control, I could summon him without fear. Then, I realized I needed him f or more important things. I looked beseechingly at Kiyo, needing no words.He nodded. Ill watch them. He turned abruptly, acantha the former royalty at heart with a couple of guards whod decided to stay put on board with me right away. Kiyo being on guard served two purposes. I could trust him to do a good job and, the longer he did, the longer I was safe from his disapproval.I then spoke the words to bring Volusian to me, the sight of him further frightening those who already watched me with terror. Id permit the storm dissipate, but darkness still seemed to wrap around my minion as his red eyes assessed me, the weight-lift Crown, and the tree.Unexpected, he said.Go to Rurik, I told him. pardon what happened and have him bring an occupying force here immediately. I didnt know what that meant exactly, but I did know army control took precedence here if we were sledding to secure the land. Rurik would know what to do. Governing would come later. And then Now I hesitated. Hav e Shaya contact Dorian about what happened. Then return to me.Volusian paused, delay for anything else I might add. When nothing more came, he vanished, and the sun seemed to affect a little brighter. It was all a waiting game now, and I glanced around at the Rowan Lands still-stunned residents.Well thats it. Carry on as usual. Guard the gates. No one leaves. And you go get your soup or whatever youre eating. That was for the civilians. When no one moved, I hardened my expression and iterate my orders more loudly. Fear flashed across the Rowan citizens faces, and they sprang into action.This inner courtyard was huge, and I spotted an unoccupied spot near some carts that must have delivered supplies earlier. I walked over to them, Jasmine following, and sat on the ground. It was a weird spot for a queen, I supposed, but I wanted to rest bandage waiting for Rurik. Plus, it still allow me keep an eye on this sharp and dangerous situation. The bulk of the guards were out here, and I didnt think mutiny was out of the question yet. People were moving after my commands, but it was mostly to gather in anxious clusters and discuss what had happened.Jasmine sighed and leaned her head back against the wall. I want to go home, she said.We will. As soon as Rurik gets here, well head back to the move and let him deal with this.No. Her voice was small. My other home. The human world.I turned to her in astonishment, dragging my gaze from some peasants who were begging the guards to let them out. What? But you hate that world. You always said this is where you fit in.It is, she agreed. But I just want I want to get away from all this for a little while. From magic. And castles. And whatever. I want to watch TV. I perchance want to see Wil. I want to charge my iPod. And my playlist doesnt suck.I couldnt help a laugh. I kind of want all those things too. Well go soon. Well well cut those chains. I-Im sorry I dont have the key with me.She shrugged. Its fine. Kiyos g oing to be upset about all this, I murmured, surprised to be break in her.You did the right thing, Jasmine said. I mean, aside from not killing Katrice and Cassius. But you can still do that.Any residual smile left on my lips vanished. Cassius They were lying, she said bluntly. He didnt do anything.Jasmine Im serious. She looked at me, her blue-gray gaze take and steady. He talked a lot of talk when he came to see me fey me a little. But that was it. I think they just wanted to scoot me.She didnt elaborate on the touching. I didnt ask. I was just relieved she hadnt foregone through what I had. Im sorry, I told her. Im sorry I didnt protect you better.Now she smiled. You did fine. And hey, you ended the war, right? You won.I turned away, staring off into space. I guess I did.We didnt talk much after that. I was tired, worn out from all the magic. Apparently, using an ancient, powerful artifact wasnt as easy as it seemed. Neither was proving your dominance over a large piece of land. Id felt wiped out last time but had gotten out of the Thorn Land as quickly as possible. Now, sitting here, I was stuck in the Rowan Land, still acutely aware of its every sensation. That intensity would fade, just as it had with the Thorn Land, but for now, it was like a hammer banging inside my head, demanding attention.I practically flew to the gate when Rurik arrived. Once admitted, he and the force roll in the hay him paused. Studying the situation, he had a reaction similar to Volusians.Really?Things happened kind of fast, I admitted.It was well done. Possessing this land was a much better idea than simply defeating Katrice in battle.I scowled. Well, can you possess it for now?He grinned. Gladly.Turning from me, he fixed a hard gaze on those gathered. Youre all now subjects of Queen Eugenie, daughter of Tirigan Storm King, he barked. Kneel.I looked on imperiously as they obeyed. I knew this was necessary to establish our control. No weakness, no hesitation. We were con querors. Id long since taken off the Iron Crown but wished Id brought my normal one of authority. Oh, well. It wasnt like I couldve foreseen this when packing.Everyone in the keep overlook to their knees, heads bowed. We let them stay like that for several seconds while my stomach sank. Finally, they were allowed to rise, and Rurik kicked into full martial law mode, demanding an assessment of all soldiers and issuing rules for servants and refugees. He had a few tasks for me more actions that made me seem queenly before finally declaring I could leave.Ill sort out the immediate problems, he told me in a low voice. My own soldiers were now out and about, establishing order. Well lock this place down, start scouting the immediate area, sifting out those who can be trusted. He paused eloquently. Ill probably have to throw a large part of their military into the dungeon.Do what you have to do, I said. I had a feeling hed at last want to talk executions but was holding back for now. I imagined I looked as tired as I felt.And you simply want to imprison the former queen for now? he asked.For now.Jasmine scoffed beside me, and Ruriks expression showed he dual-lane her opinion.Well, dont stay away long, he said. You need to make your presence felt. And you need to connect with the land.I know, I know, I grumbled. Id avoided the Thorn Land before, but it had kept calling me back. I know how this works.He arched an eyebrow, that sardonic smile of his returning. Do you? Do you know whats happened?I threw my hands up, gesturing around. I got stuck with another kingdom.Do you know how many other monarchs control more than one kingdom?I shook my head, presuming whoever did must live far from me.No one, said Rurik.I What? No. Dorian had mentioned conquering more than one land, making me think it must happen now and then. The Iron Crowns purpose suggested as much. There must be someone else.No one, Rurik repeated. Youre the only one. The only one in ages well, except f or Storm King.The world swayed around me again. I once more just wanted to go somewhere and lie down. My reaction brought a bigger smile to Ruriks face, but I swore there was a little sympathy in his eyes too.Congratulations, he said. Congratulations, Eugenie Queen of Rowan and Thorn.

Agreeableness Essay

Question 01a) What source of index does Jean keep back?As extend of the Department of Accounting, Jean has the position source power. Beca role of the position power is derived from height management, and it is delegated down the chain of command.b) And what type of power is she using?The type of power that jean is using falls under the sure power, which is based on the users position power, given by the organization. When using accredited power, it is besides befriendful to use the consultation influencing play. In addition, Jean is also using the consultation influencing maneuver by consulting her employees for ideas on the new indemnity.c) Which influencing play is Jean using during the meeting?Jean is using the consultation influencing maneuveral maneuver by consulting her employees for ideas on the new policy.d) Is negotiation and/or the (e) Exchange tactic appropriate in this situation?I believe the negotiation tactic is appropriate in this oddball and exchange ta ctic can non appropriate in this case because the exchange tactic would mean that Jean has no sureness over the employees whom she is addressing.Question 02a) What source of power does Ron have?I fancy In this case, Ron is using the personal power source.b) What type of power is he using during the meeting?During the meeting he uses the legitimate use of wise persuasion power in this case. This is evident when he shares data just about other victors in his field using ammonia alum assistants for the same reasons.c) Which cardinal influencing tactics is Ron primarily using during the meeting?In this case Ron uses the legitimate use of rational persuasion power and personal power during the meeting.d) Which influencing tactic is Ron using with the memo?In this case, Ron is using the coalition influencing tactic, in hopes of using influential flock to achieve his goal. With a coalition influencing tactic you use influential people to help persuade others to meet your objective. The more people you can get on your side, the more influence youcan have on others. Superiors, peers, subordinates, and outsiders can help you influence others. Coalitions are also a governmental strategy.(e) Is the memo a wise political move for Ron? What magnate he gain and stick out by sending it?I fantasy yes, memo is a political move for Ron. Ron may win his case but in the long run he will lose trust and confidence with Jean, who is the head of his department.Question 03What would you do if you were Jean?1. If I am in place of jean I will in the future meeting make policy that department should take help from the services of receive assistant not because of the reason that Johnson will gainsay my decision if I made against it but because I want to put through it. After getting memo from Johnson I will call him in the office and first asked him that his reaction to the yesterday meeting is not professional so he should say sorry for it. As he is a senior so I will later on asked him Yes yours distributor point of views matches with me so I need help from you in defining the boundaries of graduate assistant.a) Would you talk to the dean, letting him know that Ron said he would apostrophize the policy decision?No, as a chair I shall not talk to the Dean because I thought I have to dish out this issue by myself. I know Ron Johnson is a senior prof so I requested him to help me in making the policy for graduate assistant as he is already taking the graduate assistant and he knows better than the others .(b) Which influencing tactic would this discussion involve?(c) Which political behavior would the discussion represent?(d) Would you draft a policy promptly stating that graduate assistants cannot be used to grade objective exams?(e) Would your answer to(d) Be influenced by your answer to (a)?

Prom Nights from Hell Chapter Seven

He didnt even k right off you were in that respect, Sibby utter. He neer even knew who hit him.That was the idea. They were pose next to an abandoned Amtrak maindecadeance building on an old burst of the train tracks that was completely hidden from the street. It was the place Miranda had started coming seven months prior to work push through all her new crazy energy and test things she couldnt practice anywhere else-Roller Derby was great for speed, balance, gymnastics, and shoving moves, but you werent supposed to do advanced judo. Or weapons.She could make out marks from her last crossbow case on the side of the building, and the piece of railroad track shed tied in a k non the day after Will rejected her was simmer down lying on the ground. Shed never seen anyone else here, and she was sure she and Sibby would be pretty much(prenominal) invisible as long as they stayed parked.Where did you learn to knock mint out like that? Sibby inviteed, sprawled out over the bac kseat. Can you teach me?no(prenominal) wherefore non? Just one move?Absolutely non.Why did you say you were sorry after you hit him?Miranda swiveled to face her. Its my turn to ask questions. Who takes to kill you and wherefore?Gods, I dont know. It could be a gross ton of passel. Its not like that, how you think it is.Whats it like then?Its complicated. But if we can save hang out until four in the morning, in that locations a place I can go.Thats sestet hours from now.Thatll knock over me time for at least ten more kisses.Well, of course. What else would you do while whatsoeverone is seek to kill you besides go out and tongue tango with as many strangers as possible?They werent studying to kill me, they were trying to abduct me. Its totally different. bring on, I want to do something fun. Something with boys.Or we could not do that.Look, merely because you argon a founding member of Down with Fun Inc. doesnt soused that the rest of us want to sign up.I am not a fo unding member of Down with Fun Inc. I like fun. But-Funkiller. somehow the idea of wandering near while a ton of people are trying to kidnap you, doesnt sound fun to me. It sounds like a soundly way to get into the Guinness Book of World Records under Plan, comma, Worlds approximately Stupid. Plus innocent bystanders could get caught in the middle when the ton of people find you.If, not when. And they dont care closely anyone but me.Miranda rolled her eyeball and turned back around. Thats why theyre called innocent bystanders. Because they were standing by you and out of the blue got hurt.Then you should definitely get away from me. Seriously, although theres nothing Id rather do than sit parked in a homeless persons bathroom for six hours with only you for company, I think it would be safer for both of us if I take my chances elsewhere. Like at that ice cream place we passed on the way here. Did you see the lips on the guy behind the counter? They were mythic. cliff me the re and Ill be all set.Youre so not going anywhere. very? Because that sound you distinguish? Is me reaching for the door baseball mittle.Really? Because that sound you hear? Is me engaging the child lock.In the rearview mirror, Miranda saw Sibbys eyes blaze.Youre in truth mean, Sibby said. Something wretched must ca-ca happened to you to make you so mean.Im not mean. Im respectable trying to lionise you safe.Are you sure its me youre thinking closely? Not some skeleton in your closet? Like the time you-Miranda turned up the radio.Turn that down I was talking and Im the customer.Not anymore.Sibby yelled rattling loud, What happened to your sister?I dont know what you are talking about, Miranda yelled back.Thats a lie.Miranda didnt say anything.I asked you before if you had a sister and you got all teary, Sibby yelled in her ear. Why wont you insure me?Miranda turned down the radio. Can you give me three good reasons why I should?It might make you chance better. It would gi ve us something to talk about while we sit here. And if you dont tell me, Im going to start guessing.Miranda leaned her head back, checked her watch, and turned to stare out the window. Be my guest.You bugged her so much she left? You bored her so much she left? Or did you drive her away with the huge oblige you keep up your butt?Stop being tender with my timberings. Go on, tell me what you really think.From the backseat Sibby said, That might have been too mean. Sorry.Miranda didnt say anything.You dont really have a stick in your butt. You couldnt drive then, right? ha-ha? Silence.But I mean, you started it. With the child-lock thing. Im not a child. Im fourteen.More silence.I said I was sorry. In the backseat Sibby slumped, sighed. Fine. Be that way.Silence. Until, for no reason she could explain, Miranda said, They died.Sibby sat up quick now, leaning toward the front seat. Who? Your sisters?Everyone. My livelong family.Was it because of something you did?Yes. And because of something I didnt do. I think.Um, nanna Grim, that doesnt make any sense. How can not doing something-wait, you think?. Dont you know what happened?I cant really remember anything from that part of my life.You mean from that day?No. From that category. And the year after. Anything pretty much from when I was ten until when I turned twelve. And there are a few other holes, too.You mean that stuff is just too painful to remember?No, its just gone. All I have are impressions. And the dreams. Really really bad dreams.Like what?Like that I wasnt where I should have been and something happened and I let everyone down She stopped, waved a hand in the air.Wait, you actually think you could have stopped whatever happened to them? By yourself? When you were four years younger than me?Mirandas throat felt like it was apogee up. Shed never told anyone even that much of her real history before, never talked about it, not even with Kenzi. Ever. She swallowed hard. I could have tried. I could have been there and tried.Oh my gods, now this is some kind of pity party. Yawn. Wake me when youre done.Miranda gaped at her in the mirror. I told you I didnt want to talk about it but you unploughed bugging me and now you turn into the mayor of TellItLikeItIsVille? Swallowing again. You little-You dont even know what happened How can you feel so bad about it? Plus, I dont see how that can be your fault. You werent even there and you were only ten. I think you should stop obsessing about some mystery thing that is ancient history and live in the mo.Im sorry, did you just tell me to live in the mo?Yes. You know, ditch the past and try focusing on whats going on in the present. Like that the rime on the radio right now? Sucks. And that there is a whole city of cute boys out there I am not kissing. Miranda took a deep breath, but before she could say anything, Sibby went on. I know, I know you say youre sorry to the people you knock out because you never got to say sorry to your fam ily, and you have to keep me safe because you couldnt keep them safe. I get it now.That is not whats going on. I-Blah blah blah, insert denials here. Anyway, why does safe have to mean sitting in this car with you all nighttime? Isnt there somewhere we could immingle in? Instead of hiding? Im good at blending. Im like butter.Oh yeah, youre totally like butter. In fact, in your Madonna-called-and-she-wants-her-costume-from-the-Borderline-video-back outfit, youre practically invisible.Good one, Funkiller. Come on, lets go somewhere.Miranda turned all the way around in her seat and said, Let me sound it out for you. Someone. Is. Trying. To. Kill. You.No. They. Are. Not. You keep saying that, but Ive told you. They cant kill me. You should really work on this infantile fixation you have with people getting killed. And I have to be practiced with you, Im getting bored. What do you have the radio set to, K-CRAP? There is no way we are staying in this car for six hours.Miranda had to agree with her. Because if they did, it was now clear shed kill Sibby herself.Thats when she thought of the perfect place for them to go.You want to blend in? she asked.Yes. With boys.Guys, Miranda said.What?Normal American girls from this century call them guys, not boys. If you want to blend in.For a second, Sibby looked shocked. Then she gave a little smile. Oh. Yes. Guys.Yeah, not yes. Unless youre talking to a grown-up.Yeah.And its Oh my God or God, not gods. Did I-?Yeah. And no one ever has or ever will say, live in the mo. Just wait.No. Never. Oh, and no paying guys for kisses. You dont need to. They should feel lucky to kiss you.Sibby frowned. Why are you being so nice to me and helping me? You dont even like me.Because I know what its like to be far from home, alone, trying to fit in. And to never be able to tell anyone the truth about who you are.After theyd been drive in silence for a few minutes, Sibby said, Have you ever killed person with your bare hands?Miranda look ed at her in the rearview. Not yet.Ha-ha.

Dick’s Sporting Goods, Equity Valuation and Analysis

T sufficient of Contents Executive comp wipeout2 f vagabondrnity Overview2 Economic synopsis gross domestic crop emersion3 Inflation3 gratify Rates3 Ho utilise5 Consumer expense5 S all(a)placeeign Debt6 Unemployment6 US Dollar7 Impact of fresh Goods Stores intentness7 effort Analysis8 door guards 5 Forces8 Big Four Analysis11 Industry life history Cycle13 peckerwoods jazzy Goods Analysis Review of Annual Report16 Company SWOT Analysis18 Tr kibosh dimension Analysis20 Cross Sectional balance Analysis22 psychoanalyst Analysis/Estimates24 DuPont Ratio Analysis25 Valuation P/E Multiplier26 Valuation FCF to lawfulness27 unofficial of Analyst Reports28Beta Analysis29 Technical Analysis29 Conclusions31 Executive Summary After analyzing light beams flashy Goods and taking into ac delibe tread both peremptory and negative prognosiss associated with the c adequate, I am giving the stock a Moderate Buy Recommendation, with a tar go monetary judge of $46. 50. The recommen dation besidesk into account DKSs refreshing-fangled pay report, improving fiscal health, exploitation fancys, and labor outlook. In this report I ordain evaluate the up-to-date general frugal conditions and how they affect the profligate Goods Stores fabrication and the sell sector in general.The report so sharpenes on dickheads profligate Goods mention measure of financial health, profitableness, and process comp bed to historical levels and competitors. A P/E Multiple epitome and a Free interchange F scurvy to fairness valuation approach was then used to derive an intrinsic note cheer of the stock. Company Overview slams degraded Goods is the macrost profligate Goods Store in the unite States, selling sports equipment, figure and seaworthiness equipment, app arel and footwear on with outdoor sports equipment and accessories. irradiations was implanted in 1948 and ope judge 455 ancestrys in 42 states primarily in the eastern intermit of the Unit ed States. quills betting Goods controls 13. 4% of the switch share in spite of appearance the manufacturing and has the braggyst marketplace exhaust hood at $4. 75 billion. When the most up pencil leadt fiscal course of study ended in January of 2011 (FY 2010), rubbers Sporting Goods generated oer $4. 8 billion in gross taxation and had Net Income of ripe over $182 one jillion meg meg. Currently hawkshaws Sporting Goods has 120. 72 million shares outstanding. Economic Analysis gross domestic intersection result Recently gross domestic product grew at an annualized rate of 1. % and 2% in the second and third quarters of 2011 respectively. Consumer rule out is one of the key drivers and is a striking portion of the US deli actually and with consumer say-so still be rugged hygienic levels. Combined with belittled consumer disbursement flow rate monetary and fiscal policy mystify vetoed gross domestic product from getting above the aforementioned onto geny levels for an extended amount of time. Also change to low GDP is the conventionally high unemployment as of late, lose of potency in the US government, and low home values as a pass of the housing crisis.The low harvesting in GDP en invest overmuch(prenominal)(prenominal) than apt(predicate) continue in the near future as the saving get out work out of the new-fangled recession and forget at that placefore make interest and inflation order. Once the economy starts to arm and round moreover, GDP development rates will append from their catamenia bleak levels. Inflation Inflation look forations fool remained low lately, showing trust in the Red to monitor/control inflation rates when the economy fits to start expanding.With Ben Bernacke and the fork outs commitment to keep interest rates at their historically low levels, it captivatems that monetary policy is following a movement of attempting to prevent any policy from causing further man devel op to the U. S. economy. In the short term there fronts to be no present(prenominal) terror/fear of inflation rising in the US. According to an hold from Reuters, the Fed wants to keep inflation about its 2% target in order con loyal the Federal Reserves ability to keep control over inflation levels. Interest RatesInterest rates set by the US Federal Reserve in spite of appearance its over-arching monetary policy are truly important in name of the world economy. Recently the Fed pledged to keep the federal funds rate close to postcode through middle form 2013. Ope balancen Twist, a plan to buy long-term U. S. debt and sell short-term debt, which will result in a flattening of the yield curve and a drop in long-term debt yields, is a rive of the expected future according to the Fed. This typifys that the historical lows in interest rates that we are weighing will continue in the short run.In the long run un little, there looks to be a variableness from that short-ru n edit. Consumers and businesses in the long-run will get away from the de-leveraging work that we are take oning in the recent past and truely and begin to build up immediate payment in that will circulate more un throwdly. This will cause the Fed to set interest rates at high levels in order to combat against the rise in inflation in the post-deleveraging period. Housing Post-housing/financial crisis of two hundred7-2009, the housing market seems to be showing signs of avail afterward(prenominal) great downturn.With the downturn in housing legal injurys, many homeowners did non hurl enough equity to avoid taking a dismission on the deal of their homes so they are sitting with home loans ground move out of high-than- menses mortgages. However, in November the National Association of Home Builders sentiment completeice jumped to 20, which is the highest reading in over a year. Demand for mortgages has in like manner seemed to fill up a bit according to the Fe ds quadth quarter loan survey. Construction remains at historically low levels tho has attach as of late, and the bod of foreclosures has improverd this quarter in any slickness.These trends do seem to be geared to a more short-term fantasy plow and many analysts cerebrate that in the long run, the housing market will improve and assure along with the strengthening of the US economy. Consumer Spending In October face-to-face income cast upd $48. 1 billion and available personal income increased $30. 2 billion according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis. In addition, personal consumption expenditures increased $8. 2 billion. With consumer giveing cook uping just about 70% of positive GDP increases in the different income categories translates into more consumer buy the farming.Analysts believe that with go on change magnitude we end start to return to pre-recession levels of expenditure. This increase is a overbearing sign for sellers because there is more usable income to purchase their products than recently as we continue to move away from recessionary levels. From the chart below you undersurface see the upward trend from the 2008 lows in personal consumption using up. The chart on the next page does a good job characterisation the recent trends in consumer spending. Sovereign Debt Foreign currencies create been seen weakening copulation to the US dollar referable to many debt issues in countries abroad.This has caused investors to flock towards the safest reserve currency, which is the US dollar. Fear in atomic sum 63 stems from economies that are much too large to be bailed out or allowed to completely default on their debt and the government agency for a solution attain non come about as of yet. Greece, Italy, and Spain are among those countries that are seeing investor fear and are alike causing investors to be cautious to the new(prenominal) European economies, even ones that obtain proved to be more reliable (Germany and France). There energize been ascesis measures that are aimed at reduce the debt levels of the countries in fear of defaulting in time oliticians in the near future must discuss the outlook of the European colligation and whether or non there is a need for countries to break apart. These threats importantly burn the expected ripening in forecasted GDP and spending, which could be baneful to worldwide markets that depend on Europe. Unemployment The unemployment rate and the number of unemployed persons go through remained stagnant through October ranging around 9%-9. 2% and 13. 9 million respectively. Within retail trade, employment increased in general merchandise stores and the attention has added 156,000 jobs over the past 12 months.The unemployment rate is forecasted to abase as the economy starts to strengthen and pull its way out of recessionary levels. This apparently affects consumer spending and consumer confidence in general. higher(prenominal) une mployment rates tend to mean less spendable income, which would affect the determine point of retailers and would hurt well-favoured ticket items such as different luxury goods. With dropping unemployment rates predicted for the future, consumer confidence will ultimately increase and consumer spending, therefore benefitting the retail sector. prise of the US DollarAs mentioned to begin with with the fear of default and crisis abroad unlike currencies have weakened in relation to the dollar. Also this chaos in Europe helps support against the loose monetary policy of late, defineed increment see in GDP, and large trade deficits, which would originator(a)wise weaken the dollars authority. Investors respect the preventative that the US dollar provides. This strengthening in comparison to former(a) currencies as well gives sentiment to the fact that investors are becoming more and more self-confident in the US market again and thus moving more and more capital back into i t.In the near future I believe that the dollar will remain starchy relative to other foreign currencies and that investor confidence from abroad will continue as a presently relation to a loaded future currency. Impact on Industry Many of the indicators listed in the Economic Analysis greatly affect the retail Sector and Sporting Goods Stores Industry as a whole. The most overt one is the gradual rise in consumer spending and therefore GDP. two of these are positive signs for the retail sector, whos profits are directly linked to variations in consumer spending.Consumer spending will in any case increase when consumer deleveraging process begins to slow down in the next a couple of(prenominal) long time. Due to low consumer confidence as a result of the financial crisis people were gainful down more debt in order to be more financially healthy (deleveraging. ) As confidence increases consumers will use more disposable income towards consumption and less towards paying down debt. The high unemployment rates that we are currently seeing have negative way outs on disposable income and therefore negatively affect the retail sector.However, with the forecast of adding jobs and a declining unemployment rate, the result will be increases in disposable income and therefore increases in consumer spending. The strong dollar in relation to foreign currencies makes US goods more expensive, however this does not have an adverse ready on Dicks Sporting Goods because it generates the vast majority of its gross sales domestically. Industry Analysis Dicks Sporting Goods operates in the Sporting Goods Stores Industry within the Retail Sector.Companies in this labor retail new have goods including sports equipment and clothe, exercise and fittingness equipment, footwear and other boast goods and accessories. Dicks Sporting Goods also owns 81 Golf coltsfoot stores in 30 states. DKS operates in off-mall locations and skylark an interactive store-within-a-store e nvironment. Revenue growth for the past phoebe birdr days in the labor has been volatile receivable to drivers such as high volatility in disposable income. Average annual revenue growth over the past five long time was just 0. 3% and the forward five eld are forecasted for add up annual revenue growth of 2. % Porter Five Forces Barriers to Entry The most dominant barrier to potential entrants into the fabrication has to do with the large start-up costs associated with firms. The initial cost of establishing a retail outlet or acquiring a retail outlet with adapted inventory to supply customers is a great inhibitor to new entrants. High selling and advertising costs are also important cost barriers to be dealt with in order to become set free-enterprise(a) in the effort. This expenditure increased in the five years to 2011, which was a directly from rises in disceptation.This has caused capacious investment in brand promotion and promotional campaigns in attempts to increase store traffic and differentiate. This is another capital barrier to entry for contingent entrants. In addition, the present and well-established channels of dispersion between suppliers and the major players of the exertion washstand be a major deterrence. In order to light upon success new entrants would have to need to somehow establish strong relationships with the upstream manufacturers and wholesalers in order to obtain high quality, low-priced stock. CompetitionDespite their low market shares individually the concentration in the Sporting Goods Stores industriousness is increasing due to increases in M&A as of late. This trend along with the growth in the number of outlets operated by the larger players of the industry gain high levels of difficulty for the delicateer and specialty firms within the industry. These smaller firms have been forced to reduce product coasts in order to remain competitive. In addition, IBISWorld estimates that through 2016 the numbe r of enterprises within the industry will grow at an amount rate of 0. 9%, further intensifying argument.There has been recent contention from incision stores and other mass merchandisers and IBISWorld predicts that this will be the single biggest threat to the industry in the years to 2016. Because of their great size and purchasing force play, these competitors are able to offer merchandise at considerably lower prices and in bulk quantities. From there section stores and mass merchandisers are able to pass cost savings onto the consumers via lower prices, while still maintaining margins. Large chains like Walmart and Target shag also lower prices more quickly making it harder to compete on price.This has caused larger Sporting Goods Store set up to undefended superstores that allows them to compete more effectively on price with department stores. Substitutes/Compliments In monetary value of sports equipment, which is the largest product segment in the industry, market share has declined since 2000 and can be attributed to the growth in the rental market. With declining disposable income levels, it became more cost effective for consumers to rent sports equipment then purchasing it outright. trade of sports equipment by external competitors like department stores has also accounted for this acquittance in market share.Other substitutes that affect this industry have to do with how people spend their leisure time and competition with products such as toys, crafts, fashion, and music tie in items exist because of this calculate. Home entertainment products also directly compete with sporting and recreational goods depending on how consumers spend their leisure time. With advances in technology the competition for these substitutes increases, which holds true in advances in video game systems, computing device games, and online resources to spend leisure time.Buyer Power Buyer power can be seen for the most part through the affects that dispos able income takes on industry sales. The products that Sporting Goods Stores would not be in general viewed as necessities and therefore sales are hurt when consumer spending takes a downturn due to tightening of disposable income. Fluctuations in income levels among consumers also alters price levels of goods purchased. In continuing with price, price remains the single largest rear of competition between firms within the industry.Consumers are price conscious and will ensure that they purchase goods at the best possible price. Therefore, buyers have the power to shift pricing points of firms and facilitate competition base on those pricing points. Along with price comes quality and the demand for come outular branded items by consumers. Consumer preferences can determine the prevail of merchandise carried by companies and also the brands that stock the shelves. Therefore changes in consumer preferences greatly affects the products offered to public by consumers and the qualit y of products offered. provider PowerSupplier power within the industry has come mostly in retailers seek exclusive contracts with them in the hopes that those retailers gain an advantage over rivals with the types of products they are able to offer. For recitation, Foot Locker, which is more of a sports change state retailer but nonetheless, has secured ad hoc partnerships with Adidas and Reebok for the back-to-school period. With the partnership Foot Locker became the exclusive retailer of new-release Adidas and Reebok shoe products. This trend of seeking exclusive contracts with suppliers is forecasted to ontinue in the future in hopes of increasing industry revenue. However, this also gives more power to suppliers in scathe of which companies they competitively position themselves with. Big Four Analysis Demographics Sports participation rates by age have a pretty solid effect on industry revenue. Children aged 5 to 17 years old are estimated to represent the key market for the industry, comprising of about 53 million individuals. This age separate also has the highest participation rates in sports, thus driving sales for this age demographic.The problem is that as this age group gets older there is a trend of decreases in sports participation in order to focus attention on activities other than sports. The relative size of this market in the five years to 2016 is expected to decrease by 9% because of this changing of activities. Also, as people live longer they want to maintain healthy lifestyles, which is why the aging baby boomers are expected to lead to higher sports participation rates among people 64 years and older. This will have a very favorable effect on the industry condition the vast number of individuals that fall within this category.Sporting Goods Stores are also found to greatly position themselves in athletic fields of the United States most densely populated. The industry is largely concentrated in the Southeast and West regions, which account for 24. emailprotected and 17. 5% of industry establishments. These two regions also account for the largest share of US community at 25. 2% and 17. 0% respectively. flavourstyle Increases in consumer awareness regarding spirit healthy lifestyles and incorporating regular exercise into their daily lives is a positive broker for the industry.This lifestyle thus boosts sports participation rates resulting in increasing revenue for industry players. There has also been recent rise in popularity for sports activities that strengthen the mind-body spiritual connection, which also has a positive effect on the industry. another(prenominal) key driving factor that has positive results for the Sporting Goods Stores Industry is the subject field culture of the United States. Sports are a very important part of our nations culture whether it be via the professional sports exposure or the team sport participation driven by association with secondary winding and tertiary schoo ls.The exposure and the vast amount that sports are imbedded within our any day life create continued positive figures in terms of sports participation. Legal/Regulatory Sports retailers that sell firearms must comply with the Federal Brady handgun Violence Prevention Act, requiring retailers to perform presale background checks of consumers who want to purchase pursuit rifles. Each background check generates a specific transaction number that is recorded on Form 4473 of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms and retained for 20 years for auditing purposes.In addition retailers must hold a federal firearms license. Retailers are not open to tariffs on goods supplied but do have a range of organizations that provide guidance and support to them. Some key examples of such organizations embarrass the National Retail Federation, the American Apparel and Footwear Association, and the National Sporting Goods Association. Technology Some technological advances that have made fi rms more competitive in the industry include, point of sale systems, bar-code scanning and electronic data interchange.These enable firms to control merchandising, distribution, sales, and markdowns. Increases in labor productivity have also been a direct result of such technological advances. Establishments of online means of obtain also have given retailers another channel of product distribution and have created further competition. Some technological threats to the industry have to do with shifts in consumer preferences as far as how they spend their leisure time. Wii Sports for Nintendo is an example of this as consumers have shifted to digital games as opposed to physical sports.The Wii series also offers additions such as Wii Fit and Wii Fit Plus Yoga, which shows the shipway in which consumers view sports participation has altered. Technological advances in video and computer games have enhanced the quality, affordability, and work through of undertaking these leisure a ctivities and continued growth in those areas has a drastically negative effect on traditional sporting activities and the Sporting Goods Stores Industry as a whole. Industry Life Cycle The Sporting Goods Stores Industry is currently in the mature make up of their ife cycle, with growth rates failing to outpace the overall economy, the consolidation of the industries players, and the lack of product innovation material enough to change the industrys landscape. Maturity in the industry has been supported by competition from department stores and the lack of change in the key buyers and sellers of sporting goods along with a slowdown in the rate of technological advances. Department store competition has caused contraction within the industry, which is typical of a mature industry.While more moneyed firms have been the primary targets for consolidation, the industry also experienced a decline in the number of non-employing operators, such as the small mom and pop stores. Finally, w hile manufacturers look to continue enhancing product designs and functionality to make products faster, lightweight, more durable, and more versatile, these types of product advancements generally have little impact on the overall growth of the industry. These product advances arent the catalyst that can propel this industry into a growth phase.Sporting Goods Stores as % of GDP (in millions) Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Industry gross revenue 38,132. 60 39,980. 40 39,826. 80 39,000. 00 38,385. 70 Sales egression - 4. 8% -0. 4% -2. 1% -1. 6% nominated GDP 13,398,800 14,061,800 14,369,100 14,119,000 14,582,400 GDP Growth - 4. 95% 2. 19% -1. 18% 3. 28% Sales as % of GDP . 285% . 283% . 271% . 272% . 265% The industry sales chart that is shown above includes all companies that operate within the Sporting Goods Stores Industry, from major players to small and specialty stores.From the data above we can see that revenue growth for the industry has lagged behind Nominal GDP growth. Sup porting the notion that the industry is in the mature stage. This was most belike caused by the fact that growth in the industry over the previous(prenominal) five years was hit hard by declines in consumer spending and consumer deleveraging. Declines in consumer confidence and consumption levels seemed to affect Industry revenue than Nominal GDP as a whole. Sporting Goods Stores Companies with over $250 million in Sales as % of GDP (in millions) Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Industry Sales 9,705. 20 11,404. 40 11,881. 10 12,265. 80 12,838. 50 Sales Growth - 17. 5% 4. 18% 3. 24% 4. 67% Nominal GDP 13,398,800 14,061,800 14,369,100 14,119,000 14,582,400 GDP Growth - 4. 95% 2. 19% -1. 18% 3. 28% Sales as % of GDP . 00072% . 00081% . 00083% . 00087% . 00088% The second chart is the same breakdown as the one before, however it is a make up of just now the 7 firms in the industry that receive revenue over $250 million on an annual land (Sports Authority is included but is privately hel d so only grassroots revenue data was able to be retrieved).What we see now is kind of a different story, with industry revenue growth outpacing Nominal GDP growth in all years of the historical breakdown. This argues that the large cap firms within the industry are not as mature in nature as the broad industry and have ample path for growth in the future. This would suggest that found on the forecasts of increased consumer spending/consumption in the future as the economy strengthens and consumer confidence returns, growth figures for these large cap firms will be even higher. Dicks Sporting Goods Analysis Review of Annual Report Key risk FactorsThe following are some of the risk factors presented from management as their biggest threats in terms of influencing sales. * Economic and financial downturn causes declines in consumer spending, which will adversely affect the companys operations. * The business is very seasonal and is passing dependent on the success of the 4th q uarter. * The industry is very crank to general macroeconomic changes that would affect either consumer sentiment or consumer spending. * The terms of their senior secured revolving credit facility impose certain restrictions that may foul up their ability of available capital. The lack of acceptable retail store commits on terms acceptable to Dicks Sporting Goods, rising veridical estate prices and other costs related to new store openings could limit elaboration plans. * Private brand offerings, which are being emphasized more and more, expose DKS to many other risks than more popular brands. * If inflation were to increase it would greatly affect Dicks Sporting Goods operate results unless DKS was able to fully pass on the increases in costs to the consumer via price. Legal proceedings In 2011 Dicks Sporting Goods has 14 cases ongoing in litigation, which is down from 2010 when there was 39.One of the cases that received a lot of notoriety recently was Tamara Barrus vs. Dic ks Sporting Goods in 2010. Barrus was a fountain employee who was suing her former company on claims that DKS failed to pay her wages and failed to compensate her for overtime. The reason this case got so much attention was because as the case drew on, additive claims were added to the case from 35 other states with the same allegations. The settlement ended up being for approximately $10. 8 million before taxes in favor of Barrus and the other defendants.What is important to note is the potential vast negative effect this could have had on DKSs reputation as well as the losses they had to pay in court. Off Balance Sheet Arrangements The off balance sheet arrangements for Dicks Sporting Goods relate to operating leases, future minimum guaranteed contractual payments, and letters of credit. In the annual report, Dicks Sporting Goods holds a firm stance that these off balance sheet items do not have any material effect on the financial condition of the company, revenues or expenses , results of operation, liquidity, capital expenditures, or other resources.When looking at the figures however there seem to be a different story. DKS lists $3,717,112,000 in total contractual obligations and $21,527,000 in total other commercial commitments that are not listed on their balance sheets. This would definitely seem to affect their operations and liquidity when looking at the magnitude of those numbers. In addition, DKS lists over $200 million in grace on its financial statements but its largest subsidiary Golf Galaxy was determined to have their state of grace unit fully impaired upon further investigation, which calls into question the size of the goodwill figure.DKS lists $130,496,000 in financing leases and $9,524,000 in capital leases, the financing leases do not have to be listed in financial statements but as you can see carry a very large amount. Finally, Dicks Sporting Goods agreed to new terms on its Credit bargain that allow DKS to flummox unlimited capi tal lease obligations and indebtedness to finance the acquisition or improvement of any fixed capital assets. The new agreement also allows Dicks to increase their ability to incur up to $200 million of unsecured indebtedness. instructionIn examining the upper management of Dicks Sporting Goods there are only a few things that I would like to point out. Edward Stack, whose father founded Dicks, has served as chairman and chief executive officer since 1984. One area for concern is the instrument panels staggered terms and the firms dual- line common stock structure, which includes socio-economic class B shares with super-voting rights. Stack owns about 26% of the outstanding shares (including 23 million Class B shares) and controls 66% of the voting power. This drastically limits the control of minority shareholders.Dicks also has takeover defenses in place to prevent potential suitors from acquiring the firm. Executive compensation is weighted toward Stack, who received more th an $7 million in total compensation over the past two years while the other top four officers received between $3. 8 and $1. 2 million. Salaries, all less than $1 million, are relatively small in the executive compensation system, but stock awards and stock options have been generously given and have consistently increased share counts. The relations of the CEO and his family are also means for concern.Company SWOT Analysis Strengths Store-within-a-store merchandising concept With this type of merchandising baffle Dicks Sporting Goods is able to gain advantages as a large store as well as that of a specialty store. Each of DKSs large 50,000-75,000 square foot buildings it has specialty stores including Golf Pro Shops, Footwear Centers, fittingness Centers, Outdoor Centers, and Team Sports. Deep product plectron and knowledgeable mental faculty are two advantages that DKS is able to provide with these specialty shops.These stores focus on specific categories and carry very deep p roducts selections within from each one area of interest. The area that hurts specialty stores is competing on price but since DKS is also a mass merchandiser it is able to be competitive on price in that aspect. The combination of these two types of stores increases the reasonable spend, customer satisfaction, price competitiveness, and product selection. Leading Market Position Garnered from Competitive Pricing Dicks Sporting Goods is the leader in market share in the industry capturing about 13. 4%.The small number of large cap firms in the industry create an attractive competitive dynamic for these companies, as they have better bargaining power and can pass on the benefits of this large scale to customers in the forms of lower prices and higher quality merchandise. At the end of fiscal year 2011 DKS operated 486 stores and has growth plans set in the motion to increase that number at a staggering rate. A key aspect that has fueled its market position is its price positioning. DKS maintains a policy of interconnected competitors advertised prices and maintains the notion of providing value at each price point.Weaknesses Strained Relationship with the Employees Dicks Sporting Goods has been baffling with labor issue lawsuits over the past few years. Claims by former employees of failing to pay wages and overtime wages and various class action lawsuits. These not only deteriorate the relationships between corporate and lower level employees but also result in financial loss and gives a hit to the companys overall reputation. Opportunities Increased health Consciousness As mentioned in the lifestyle section, the health and wellness trend is expected to gain tons of momentum in the coming years.Industry analysis shows that yoga, aerobics, tennis, hiking, and running/jogging were the top five sporting activities that people were confused in 2010. Growing participation in these areas can be attributed to outgrowth public awareness and emphasis on the bene fits of a healthy lifestyle. In order to take advantage of this DKS can push its exercise/fitness equipment areas and fitness apparel lines, which would directly benefit in sales from higher participation in those five sporting areas mentioned. Offering Merchandise with Higher Margins in order to Enhance networkability DKS has been ontinually improving positivity by offering higher margin merchandise such as apparel and footwear. In 2010, DKS incorporated Nike Field House shops at its retail outlets and plans to open 100 Nike Field House shops at its stores by the end of 2011. By partnering with manufacturers who are trying to push these types of products, DKS stands to benefit by way of product differentiation and product exclusivity as it is Nikes key strategic apparel partner. More initiatives such as this will stand to boost profitability for DKS and will increase its return on investments. Threats Lower Participation in GolfPrimarily due to the economic slowdown there has be en a decline in golf game participation in the bear few years as club members have not been able to afford the high fees charged by golf clubs. According to estimates participation is down 11. 5% from the year before, which has led to sluggish sales growth in that area for DKS. funds equipment related purchases decreased 14% industry wide last year, which is a threat to Dicks Sporting Goods as the revenue from the sale of golf equipment forms an important part of DKSs total revenue. It also hurts the sales revenue of the 81 Golf Galaxy stores that are owned by Dicks Sporting Goods.Non-replicable Characteristic of Products Demand for particular sporting goods equipment depends heavily on the region of the United States and DKS has limited scope in terms of replicating its products across all of its stores because of this. Climate changes play a remarkable role as well in the merchandising mix to be offered in regions and demands changes in the seasonality of certain products. Wit h these obstacles to deal with, it limits DKSs ability to have huge gains on inventory even though it is a large retailer. Trend Ratio Analysis Key Growth Ratios, YOY 2007-01 2008-01 2009-01 2010-01 2011-01 Revenue % 18. % 24. 9% 6. 2% 6. 8% 10. 4% Net Income % 3. 6% 3. 9% (1. 0%) 3. 1% 3. 7% Dicks Sporting Goods has had positive growth each of the last five years in terms of revenue, and has had positive growth four of the last five years in terms of their bottom line. This can be attributed to its strong position with the industry in terms of market share and its ability to compete on price as a mass merchandiser and be profitable in terms of its specialty stores. Growth looks to continue in the future for DKS with analysts predicting around 8% growth in fiscal year 2012 and low manifold digit growth in 2013.Liquidity/fiscal Health 2007-01 2008-01 2009-01 2010-01 2011-01 Current Ratio 1. 5x 1. 4x 1. 7x 1. 5x 1. 8x Quick Ratio 0. 3x 0. 1x 0. 2x 0. 3x 0. 7x Cash Conversion Cycle 59 . 5 66. 8 71. 4 62. 5 51. 3 Receivables Turnover 90. 2x 76. 5x 68. 9x 94. 7x 138. 4x Inventory Turnover 3. 8x 3. 6x 3. 4x 3. 7x 3. 8x Dicks Sporting Goods liquidity ratios seem pretty stable over the past five years. However, the quick ratio is very lower compared to the current ratio because inventory represents such a large part of DKSs current assets.Despite this the quick ratio has been increasing over the past four years of operation. DKSs cash conversion cycle has declined in recent years after extreme growth in the graduation of the last five years. Inventory turnover has been pretty stagnant for Dicks Sporting Goods and DKS should look to improve this number in order to reduce inventory costs and storage costs. Finally the receivables turnover of Dicks Sporting Goods has seen great growth in the past five years meaning that it has been doing a better job of collecting on its accounts receivable.Profitability 2007-01 2008-01 2009-01 2010-01 2011-01 addition Turnover 2. 3x 2. 2x 2. 1x 2. 1x 2. 0x ROA 9. 1% 9. 4% 7. 5% 7. 0% 8. 3% roe 21. 8% 20. 0% (4. 5%) 13. 7% 14. 9% ROIC 17. 7% 18. 0% 14. 0% 12. 8% 14. 7% Dicks Sporting Goods profitability ratios are down from their tooth root levels in this recent five-year period. These are untoward trends in terms of investor confidence. evanesce on Equity is lower than the offset printing of the period by 6. 9% and lead on Invested Capital is at 3% lower than fiscal year 2006 levels.The good note is that all the ratios are improving from the previous year in attempts to return to levels previous to the recession. These ratios will hopefully increase as consumption increases and consumer confidence returns to pre-recessionary levels. leverage Ratios 2007-01 2008-01 2009-01 2010-01 2011-01 Debt/Equity 29. 2% 20. 4% 20. 3% 13. 1% 10. 3% long-run Debt/Equity 29. 1% 20. 4% 20. 2% 13. 0% 10. 3% Interest Coverage 18. 2x 13. 2x 13. 7x 51. 9x 22. 8x Financial leverage 0. 29 0. 20 0. 20 0. 13 0. 10 Dicks Sporting Go ds has approximately $. 3 of liabilities for every $1 of assets. Dicks has also takee a very good job of reducing its long-term debt relative to equity in addition to reducing its debt relative to equity. In addition DKS currently covers its interest expenses 22. 8 times with payment. This is a significant drop from the previous year but it is an overall increase from the beginning of the five years leadership to fiscal year 2010. Cross Sectional Ratio Analysis I chose to compare Dicks Sporting Goods with Cabelas Inc. and Big 5 Sporting Goods, which are its two biggest publicly owned rivals in the industry.All leash are industry leaders in many statistical and ratio categories. For comparison sake I will use the most recent fiscal year (2010) for the cross sectional ratio analysis of the terzetto firms. Key Growth Ratios, YOY DKS CAB BGFV Revenue % 10. 4% 4. 3% 0. 1% Net Income % 3. 7% 5. 0% 2. 3% In looking at the year-over-year key growth ratios, Dicks Sporting Goods revenue is more than double above Cabelas and substantially higher than Big 5 in the most recent fiscal year. DKS is only second however in year-over-year net income, losing out to its closest industry competitor Cabelas Inc.Liquidity/Financial Health DKS CAB BGFV Current Ratio 1. 8x 2. 0x 1. 8x Quick Ratio 0. 7x 1. 6x 0. 1x Cash Conversion Cycle 51. 3x 76. 4x 100. 3x Receivables Turnover 138. 4x 61. 0x 63. 2x Inventory Turnover 3. 8x 3. 3x 2. 5x The current ratios for the industry leaders are pretty similar across the board and CAB is the leader of the lead in terms of quick ratio with DKS in second. In terms of receivables turnover, Dicks Sporting Goods is much more efficient in collecting on its accounts receivable than either CAB or BGFV, however DKS is last of the three in its reasonable cash conversion cycle.Finally, DKS is has the best inventory turnover among the top three public players of the industry meaning that it is more efficient in reducing its inventory costs and DKS does a better job of getting its products off the shelves and into the customers hands. Profitability DKS CAB BGFV ROA 8. 3% 3. 4% 5. 9% ROE 14. 9% 11. 2% 14. 6% ROIC 14. 7% 5. 1% 11. 3% Profitability measures of the industrys three largest players shows that Dicks Sporting Goods earns great income off of their equity relative to its two competitors. recidivate on Assets and Return on Invested Capital also favor DKS in comparison to its peers. supplement Ratios DKS CAB BGFV Debt/Equity 10. 3% 227. 4% 34. 4% Long-Term Debt/Equity 10. 3% 120. 8% 33. 1% Interest Coverage 22. 8x 9. 5x 25. 8x Financial Leverage 0. 10 4. 42 2. 60 As you can see Dicks Sporting Goods is a much less levered company in comparison to its two largest competitors. It has drastically lower debt to equity ratios and a dramatically lower financial leverage statistic. This make Dicks Sporting Goods a less risky company in comparison to Cabelas Inc. and Big 5 Sporting Goods Inc.However, DKSs beta is jolly greater than one around 1. 24, which means that its is riskier than the market. Analyst Analysis/Estimates A key factor in DKSs merchandising strategy is strong trafficker relationships. Most mass merchants and specialty retailers have limited access to sports equipment because they cant offer the high level of profit that manufacturers demand from the firms they supply to. The store-within-a-store layout however Dicks Sporting Goods provides that high level of service through experienced professionals, value-added repairs, maintenance, and assembly services.There is also an interactive shopping experience for customers with them being able to try products out before purchase, which most competitors dont match. Dicks has a great opportunity to expand nationwide in terms of number of storefronts and overall market share. Management has identified the potential for at least 900 DKS stores in the US before it nears saturation, which means that as of right now Dicks is only halfway to its ultimat e goal in terms of store base. Its estimated that Dicks Sporting Goods will open on average 36 new stores per year in the near future, suggesting a mid/high single digit square footage growth rate.In the long run, analysts expect more M&A similar to the acquisition of Golf Galaxy in order to provide immediate market penetration into several(prenominal) new markets. These types of acquisitions will also give DKS a better concord of local markets, which will allow for DKS to adjust for regional preferences as discussed earlier. Dicks Sporting Goods category- leadership inventory turns and high profitability within the industry will likely produce enough cash to fund its store growth initiatives in the near future.This will prevent DKS from having to turn to capital markets or the use of levering up. This will allow the firm to remain one of the industrys healthiest companies financially. Analysts give Dicks Sporting Goods a Fair comfort Estimate of $41 per share, which is an increas e from prior estimates based off of longer term operating margin assumptions. In terms of comparable ratios for valuation, analysts fair value estimate implies 22 times forward pelf, 9 times enterprise value to EBITDA, and 3% free cash flow yield.In terms of operating margin, analysts estimate that it will be on average between 8%-9%, which is a hidebound estimate compared to company estimates of double-digit margins in the next three to five years. The model that the Morningstar analysts are using takes into account the growth plans that Dicks Sporting Goods has in the future in terms of store openings at an average of 35 per year and that the chain reaches a total store count of more than 800 in the next 10 years at the end of the forecast.For fiscal year 2012, the model gives just under 8% growth in revenues, continued leverage of operating margins are to reach 8% on both gross margin improvement and SGA leverage. In 2013, analysts show low double-digit growth on a faster stor e-opening rate and slightly improved same-store sales along with flat operating margins as parcel of revenue. DuPont Ratio Analysis Over the most recent five-year period, Dicks Sporting Goods saw drastic decreases in Return on Equity and moderate decreases in Return on Assets.By breaking down these ratios into the Dupont command we can see what played a part in these decreases. Return of Assets= Net Income/Total Assets= Profit Margin*Asset Turnover 2007-01 2008-01 2009-01 2010-01 2011-01 ROA=NI/TA 9. 1 % 9. 4 % 7. 5% 7. 0% 8. 3% Profit Margin= NI/Sales 20. 93% 20. 68% 15. 75% 14. 7% 16. 6% Asset Turnover= Sales/TA 2. 3 2. 2 2. 1 2. 1 2. 0 From dissecting Return on Assets further we see that the main contributor to the decreasing ROA was the decreases in profit margin from the beginning of the most recent five-year period.Profit margins were cut because due to decreases in consumer spending during recessionary periods, Dicks Sporting Goods was forced to cut its prices while excit ant costs remained high, thus narrowing margins. Asset turnover was reduced during this five year period but not at a significant enough rate to be a major contributing factor to the massive decreases in Return on Assets. We now look at the Return on Equity based on the Return on Assets computations. 2007-01 2008-01 2009-01 2010-01 2011-01 ROE= ROA*TA/EQ 21. 8% 20. 0% (4. 5%) 13. 7% 14. 9% Fin. Lev= TA/EQ 0. 29 0. 0 0. 20 0. 13 0. 10 With the financial leverage decreasing because of there being less equity in the market as the recession continued after 2007, in order for Return on Equity to increase the ROA necessitate to offset that decrease in financial leverage. As we saw before, due to the drastic drops in profit margin over the period the Return on Equity suffered also. Therefore, variability in ROE can be attributed to volatility in the Return on Assets of Dicks Sporting Goods. (Some of the values are not exact because of miscalculations in on the part of the Capital IQ data base).Valuation P/E Multiplier The current P/E for Dicks Sporting Goods is 20. 1. Since the economic outlook calls for expansion I will use the average annual growth of earnings from 2002-2007, which was deemed an economic expansion era. The average annual earnings growth rate over this time period is 24. 084%. This is a realistic estimation because if the economic forecast proves correct the we would experience a similar type of growth as we did post Internet bubble crisis, which is right around the beginning of 2002. Dicks Sporting Goods current earnings per share is $1. 92.Therefore, in order to get estimated earnings you take the current earnings per share and multiply it by the average annual growth rate of earnings during economic expansionary times. This gives us estimated earnings of $1. 92*(1. 24084)= $2. 3824. From there we multiply expected earnings per share times the current price to earnings ratio in order to get the intrinsic value based on this valuation model. There fore we take 20. 1*$2. 3824 to get an intrinsic value of $47. 886. The current stock price of DKS is $38. 53 (as of 11/29/11). This would suggest that the market undervalues DKS by about 19. 54%.Free Cash Flow to Equity Approach In using the free cash flow to equity approach there are many inputs in which you need to identify and defend their use. Here are some of those inputs * WACC=11. 64% This was based off of a WACC calculator in which total debt and total equity were extracted from the most recent financial statements, corporate tax was 38. 8% based on public information, cost of debt was 7. 0% based on analyst information, and cost of equity was found using CAPM. For risk free rate the 3 year treasury rate was used of . 4% and for market return the 3 year return on the Russell Midcap Growth Index of 10. 8% was used because that is the style of stock DKS is and 3 years after analyst growth estimates for 2012 and 2013 is when we expect economic expansion. * 2012 growth rate is 8 % based on analyst estimates and 2013 growth is 11% based on analyst estimates. * From 2014 until 2016 we expect there to be growth but at a decreasing rate of about 1. 5% per annum until after 2016 when we expect growth to mimic economic expansion from 2002-2007 in which the average annual growth rate was 6. 31%. Calculation of Intrinsic Value on Following Page Year FCF/Share 2002 . 3902 2003 . 3168 2004 . 0283 005 . 3412 2006 . 0541 2007 . 7692 2008 -. 5089 2009 2. 2119 2010 1. 8934 2011 2. 032 2012 2. 19456 8% growth 2013 2. 43596 11% growth 2014 2. 66737 9. 5% growth 2015 2. 88077 8% growth 2016 3. 06802 6. 5% growth Perpetuity 61. 1934 6. 31% growth Intrinsic Value $41. 0685 The current stock price is $38. 53 (as of 11/29/11), and based on the intrinsic value this suggests that the market undervalues DKS by about 6. 18%. Summary of Analyst Reports According to Morningstar Investment Research Center, the fair value estimate for Dicks Sporting Goods is $41. 0. In addition, analys ts recommend to consider buying the stock at $24. 60 and consider selling the stock at $63. 60. Morningstar also gives Dicks Sporting Goods a three star rating. In looking at YahooFinance the mean target for the stock based on analyst estimates is $46. 50 with a high target of $50. 00 and a low target of $36. 00. Accordingly, this month there are 10 bullocky Buy recommendations, 7 Buy recommendations, 9 Hold recommendations, and 1 underachieve recommendation. Beta Coefficient Dicks Sporting Goods has a Beta coefficient of 1. 4, indicating that it is generally more risky than the general market. This risk factor is most likely determined by the high revenue volatility that the industry is exposed to as a direct result of consumer spending and also due to the industrys mature state. Technical Analysis In examining Dicks Sporting Goods using technical analysis I chose to plectrum a few popular technical analysis indicators and use them to prise DKS. First we look at Bollinger Bands , which are variable width bands that become narrower during less volatile periods and wider during more volatile periods.In examining the Bollinger Bands for DKS we can see that as of right now there seems to be low levels of volatility in pricing especially compared to August where there was much volatility in pricing for DKS along with the overall market. The recent lower volatility would suggest stable pricing trends to continue in the near future. Next I looked at the Relative Strength Index. The RSI is a calculation where average up and average down are calculated using a candid average method for the initial observation. Subsequent values are computed using these initial values in conjunction with a damping factor to radiate out extreme points.An RSI indicator falling below a value of 30 indicates an oversold condition. A buy signal is triggered when the indicator crosses 30 from below. Similarly, an RSI value greater than 70 indicates an overbought condition. A sell signal is triggered when the indicator crosses 70 from above. If you look at the bottom half of this picture you can see the Relative Strength Index for the current year. In going with the exposition on the previous page, it seems that in late August/early folk the RSI crossed 30 from below, which would have signaled a buying situation at the time.In looking at other technical analysis trends, financial visualizations or FINVIZ. com, gives distance from simple moving average statistics. The SMA50, or the distance from the 50 day simple moving average is 3. 25%, which according to the site is a favorable statistic. In addition it states that the SMA200 or the distance from the 200 day simple moving average is 2. 28%, which is once again a favorable statistic according to the site. Conclusions * Dicks Sporting Goods has the leading market share in a mature Sporting Goods Stores industry thats marked by high levels of pricing competition. The industry is very dependent on consumer spending and disposable income per capita. Decreases in these along with consumer confidence pose huge threats to the industry as we saw with the extremely peripheral average annual growth from 2006 to 2011. * DKS is the leader in the golf industry with its acquisition of Golf Galaxy and its us of the store-within-a-store model for specialty golf stores. * The industry is seeing decreases in sports participation among children in lieu of other avenues to fulfill leisure time that could put restraints upon growth within the industry. Dicks Sporting Goods high lease expense represents off-balance-sheet financing and means the company is more leveraged than investors realize. * DKS has benefitted from its ability to compete on price as a mass merchandiser and from offering deep product selection and higher margin items within its specialty stores. * Management has store expansion plans that on average would open up about 35 new stores per year and would put Dicks Sporting Goods over 800 store s within the 10 year forecast, which is just under the estimate for number of stores until saturation. - 1 . Zumbrun, Joshua. Fed Says Economy Has Picked Up While Still detective work Significant Risks. Bloomberg Business & Financial password, Breaking News Headlines. Bloomberg, 2 Nov. 2011. Web. 2 . EVANS, KELLY. Housing Market May Be Nearing a Bottom. Business News & Financial News The Wall pass Journal Wsj. com. Wall Street Journal, 21 Nov. 2011. Web. 3 . Bureau of Economic Analysis. Personal Income and Outlays October 2011. Accessed 11/27/11. 4 . Bureau of Economic Analysis. Real Personal Consumption Expenditures.Accessed 11/27/11 5 . Bureau of Labor Statistics. Employment feature Summary. October 2011. 6 . IBISWorld Market Research Industry Report. Sporting Goods Stores. Accessed 11/21/11 7 . BizMiner 8 . Bureau of Economic Analysis 9 . BizMiner 10 . Bureau of Economic Analysis 11 . Capital IQ. Financial Records DKS. Accessed 11/30/11 12 . Capital IQ. Finan cial Statements DKS, CAB, BGFV. Accessed 11/30/11. 13 . Morningstar Investment Research Center. Swinand, Paul. Analyst Research DKS. Accessed 11/21/11. 14 . Capital IQ. Financial Statements DKS. Accessed 11/30/11.